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Instrumentation 3rd Year Apprentice
Brennan Brow
Quiz by Brennan Brow, updated more than 1 year ago
Brennan Brow
Created by Brennan Brow over 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is measured during a Rockwell Hardness Test?
Answer
  • Material
  • Depth
  • Density
  • Impact

Question 2

Question
Why do we ground both sides of the Magmeter?
Answer
  • To ensure equal voltage at both ends.
  • To eliminate zero shifts. (Charge)
  • It is industry standard
  • We don't

Question 3

Question
What is the difference between Coal and Methane (CH4) combustion?
Answer
  • One is a gas and one is a solid.
  • Methane does not require oxygen to burn
  • Methane combustions results in complete conversion to CO2.
  • Coal does not produce water.

Question 4

Question
What type of capacitance probe should be used in a conductive solution?
Answer
  • Insulated
  • Rigid
  • Flexible
  • Float

Question 5

Question
What is the maximum transmitter loop resistance (ohms)?
Answer
  • Infinite
  • 1 KOhm
  • 100 Ohm
  • 600 Ohm

Question 6

Question
What is kinematic viscosity equal to?
Answer
  • Kinematic Viscosity = Dynamic Viscosity / Density
  • Kinematic Viscosity = csT X Density
  • Kinematic Viscosity = Density / Mass
  • Kinematic Viscosity = Viscosity X Velocity

Question 7

Question
What is the difference between 2-Wire and 4-Wire transmitters?
Answer
  • 4 Wire contains additional information.
  • 4 Wire has both a digital an analog signal.
  • 4 Wire uses 2 Wires for power and 2 for transmitting. 2 Wire uses both wires for power and transmitting.
  • 2 Wire is the only method capable of HART

Question 8

Question
What is K Factor?
Answer
  • The amount of pulses per minute. F = Hz * P
  • The amount of water able to mass through the meter in one minute. (GPM)
  • The vendor set standard for flow through the meter.
  • The amount of pulses per minute. Q = F * 60/K

Question 9

Question
How is turbidity measured?
Answer
  • Reflection from a UV Source.
  • Scattering of light in a solution.
  • Absorbtion of light.
  • Ultrasonic waves absorbed.

Question 10

Question
What is Opacity?
Answer
  • Suspended solids.
  • A measure of translucence.
  • Absorption of light in a solution.
  • The ability of a fluid to conduct light.

Question 11

Question
What is a communication standard?
Answer
  • HART
  • Modbus
  • Foundation Fieldbus
  • All of the above

Question 12

Question
89. What’s the most accurate way of stating error?
Answer
  • % of reading.
  • Absolute units.
  • % of span.
  • % of Upper Range Value.

Question 13

Question
What happens when an atom loses/gains an electron?
Answer
  • Loses an electron becomes positive+, oxidation occurs Gains an electron becomes negative-, reduction occurs
  • Loses an electron becomes negative-, oxidation occurs Gains an electron becomes positive+, reduction occurs
  • Loses an electron becomes positive+, reduction occurs Gains an electron becomes negative-, oxidation occurs
  • Loses an electron becomes negative-, reduction occurs Gains an electron becomes positive+, oxidation occurs

Question 14

Question
What is the resolution calculation for DAC/ADC?
Answer
  • Calibrated Range - Error / Step
  • Calibrated Range / Span
  • Step / Span
  • Span / Step

Question 15

Question
What does a catalyst do?
Answer
  • Speeds up a chemical reaction.
  • Stabilizes a chemical reaction.
  • Stops a chemical reaction.
  • Used to measure the energy released from a chemical reaction.

Question 16

Question
What are the states of PH?
Answer
  • Ph > 7 Basic Ph < 7 Acidic Ph = 7 Neutral
  • Ph > 7 Acidic Ph < 7 Basic Ph = 7 Neutral
  • Ph > 7 Basic Ph < 7 Neutral Ph = 7 Base
  • Ph > 7 Solvent Ph < 7 Acidic Ph = 7 Neutral

Question 17

Question
What is the easiest way to calibrate a nuclear meter?
Answer
  • Open Shutter for full level. Close shutter for zero.
  • Open shutter for zero. Close shutter for full level.
  • Close shutter for full level. Guide source down the vessel wall between the detector and wall.
  • Nuclear meters do not require calibration.

Question 18

Question
How does ultrasonic level detection work?
Answer
  • A signal is transmitted down to the fluid and the amount of time it takes to return is inversely proportional to level.
  • The signal is transmitter across the tank and the reflection is inversely proportional to the level.
  • Multiple sensors are used to detect where the signal is strongest.
  • The amount of soundwave absorbed is proportional to the level in the tank.

Question 19

Question
What is doppler flow measurement?
Answer
  • Doppler is used to measure weather not flow.
  • The sensor emits sound @ a fequency. This is reflected back by matter in the stream.
  • Doppler works using radar to measure the flow profile from that we can infer the flow rate.
  • The sensor emits high frequency radiowaves based on the returned wavelengths we can determine flow.

Question 20

Question
What is the flow proportionality for Vortex meters?
Answer
  • The vorticies form is inversely proportional to the flow rate.
  • The vortex velocity is directly proportional to flow.
  • The vibrations on the sensor are directly proportional to the inlet flow rate.
  • The vorticies form is directly proportional to the flow rate.

Question 21

Question
What is included in regular Coriolis meter maintenance?
Answer
  • Meter should be returned to factory to be proven and refurbished.
  • Sensor replacement and a 3-point calibration.
  • Cleaning and a zero calibration.
  • All soft parts should be replaced and the meter should be spanned.

Question 22

Question
How does a DP Transmitter measure level?
Answer
  • Infers weight of water column
  • Directly measures weight of water column
  • Infers height of water column
  • Directly measures height of water column

Question 23

Question
What is solution concentration?
Answer
  • Mass / Volume = Concentration
  • Density / Volume = Mass
  • PPM= Volume / Particles
  • PPM = Particles / Mass

Question 24

Question
What is traceability?
Answer
  • The mark of an analyzer used to measure repeatability.
  • The ability to map measurement points.
  • Tracing a signal over a step change.
  • An unbroken chain of measurements.

Question 25

Question
What are the two most commonly monitored gases on a flue stack?
Answer
  • CO, O2
  • CO2, NOx
  • O2, NO
  • CO2, O2

Question 26

Question
Water and Natural Gas burning is an example of....
Answer
  • Bad practice.
  • A chemical reaction.
  • Hydro-combustion
  • An Endothermic reaction

Question 27

Question
Different gains in a process means
Answer
  • Hysterisis
  • Non-Linear Processes
  • Linear Processes
  • The process is under upset conditions

Question 28

Question
What is molar mass?
Answer
  • The weight of one mole.
  • The mass of an object in a molar solution.
  • The mass of one mole.
  • The mass of a solution in it's molar state.

Question 29

Question
Where should a particulate filter be placed in a sample system?
Answer
  • At the Inlet.
  • Before the analyzer or other sensitive components.
  • Within the fast loop.
  • On the outlet.

Question 30

Question
The bluff body is directly proportional to
Answer
  • Flow
  • Temperature
  • Pressure
  • Velocity

Question 31

Question
Why is pH hard to measure?
Answer
  • Measurement is calculated
  • Hard to control
  • Deadtime
  • pH is logarithmic.

Question 32

Question
Selective control is.....
Answer
  • is a process in which some condition is checked and a decision is made about whether a certain segment of the program code will execute.
  • is a process in which the FCE is only actuated when a number of criteria is met.
  • control that is based on a number of input variables.
  • The controller is selective of which responses are passed on to the loop.

Question 33

Question
A valve positioner can help provide important diagnostics like
Answer
  • Loop Gain
  • Valve Signature
  • Measurement Drift
  • The health of valve components

Question 34

Question
What is the standard calibration procedure?
Answer
  • Zero and Span.
  • Zero, Calibration Points, and Span.
  • Zero, Calibration Points, and Span. Repeat if necessary.
  • It depends on the instrument.

Question 35

Question
What is repeatability?
Answer
  • is the variation in measurements taken by a single person or instrument on the same item, under the same conditions, and in a short period of time.
  • measuring the same value over and over to see if the error is growing.
  • the ability of an instrument to repeat it's signal.
  • is the variation in measurements taken by a single person or instrument on the same item, under the same conditions, and in a long period of time.

Question 36

Question
What is Accuracy?
Answer
  • The difference between a true value and a measured value.
  • The measure of the difference between an input and output values.
  • The ability of the measurement to meet the input value.
  • The degree to which the result of a measurement, calculation, or specification conforms to the correct value or a standard.

Question 37

Question
What are the benefits of Insitu Vs Extractive sampling?
Answer
  • Insitu is cheaper and requires less sample conditioning.
  • There are no advantages each method is required in certain situations.
  • Insitu provides better measurement results and can help trend the process more quickly.
  • Extractive is actually the better method because it is cheaper and more accurate.

Question 38

Question
What is the formula for First order + Dead time?
Answer
  • KeF + (1-dts/T)
  • D*T(ke*C*pV)
  • dts / ke(1+TSi)
  • (ke^-dts)/(1+ti*S)

Question 39

Question
Linearity of a Smart Tx is an example of....
Answer
  • A Tuning Option
  • Characteristic
  • Trait
  • Is not related to Smart Txs

Question 40

Question
Which is a Mechanical Property?
Answer
  • Temperature
  • Smell
  • Ductile
  • State

Question 41

Question
Which processes require an extended diaphragm?
Answer
  • Heavy Oil
  • Corrosives and slurries
  • Gas
  • Chemical

Question 42

Question
Derivative response to changes in.....
Answer
  • SP and Load changes
  • SP
  • The rate of the process change
  • The integral response.

Question 43

Question
Which locations are acceptable for orifice taps on steam service?
Answer
  • Offset
  • Bottom
  • Horizontal
  • On top

Question 44

Question
Any location where petrochemicals or natural gas may be present is?
Answer
  • A hazardous location
  • Class 1 Div 1
  • Class 1 Zone 2
  • A non-hazardous location

Question 45

Question
What is the best method for measuring pure water?
Answer
  • pH
  • ORP
  • Conductivity
  • Turbidity

Question 46

Question
Which medium is used for Hydrostatic Pressure Tests>
Answer
  • Process Medium
  • Oil/Natural Gas
  • Water
  • Air

Question 47

Question
Who is the Magnetic Law named after?
Answer
  • Tesla's Law
  • Einstein's Law
  • Newton's Law
  • Faraday's Law

Question 48

Question
What is measured when you're using radar level?
Answer
  • The electromagnetic signal
  • Frequency
  • The amount of wave length absorbed
  • How much signal is returned

Question 49

Question
O2 in a chemical is.....
Answer
  • A catalyst
  • An oxidant
  • The dominant reagent
  • An reducing agent

Question 50

Question
In a selective process reset windup happens....
Answer
  • Only to the slaves
  • To all controllers
  • Only to the master
  • To all components

Question 51

Question
What are the benefits of cascade control?
Answer
  • It helps optimize the inner loop and reduce manipulated variable variance.
  • It increases the speed of response.
  • It eliminates over and undershoot.
  • Cascade control is only for extremely complicated processes and the benefit is they allow for tight control in these difficult situations.

Question 52

Question
What is not a conductor?
Answer
  • Plasma
  • Copper
  • Plastic
  • Water

Question 53

Question
Linear expansion is calculated with....
Answer
  • ΔL = T α (L2 - L1)
  • L = ΔL α (t2 - t1)
  • ΔL = L α (t2 - t1)
  • ΔL = L (t2 - t1)

Question 54

Question
In a closed loop Gain =
Answer
  • kc*kp/(1+kc*kp)
  • (kc*kp)^-1
  • (kc*kp)^2
  • (kc*kp)^1/2

Question 55

Question
An Oxygen Analyzer detects a 20% increase in the fuel gas, what happens to the Air to Fuel ratio?
Answer
  • The Ratio increases and CO2 decreases
  • The Ratio decreases and CO increases
  • The Ratio increases and CO decreases
  • The Ratio decreases and CO2 increases

Question 56

Question
Manual bias is required for which controllers?
Answer
  • Proportional
  • Proportional and Derivative
  • Proportional and Integral
  • Proportional, Integral, and Derivative

Question 57

Question
A self regulating process will....
Answer
  • Have built in controls
  • Correct the process variable without intervention
  • Does not exist in reality
  • Cannot be controlled

Question 58

Question
If an I/P responds to an increase in current with a reducing pressure this is an example of ......... control action
Answer
  • Minimizing
  • Reverse
  • Direct
  • Actuating

Question 59

Question
What is the sum of all errors?
Answer
  • All possible errors.
  • % Error * Span
  • Calculated Error + Real Error
  • The published error

Question 60

Question
What group is VIIA?
Answer
  • Transitional Metals
  • Alkali Metals
  • Noble Gases
  • Halogens

Question 61

Question
What is the normal state for group IIA?
Answer
  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Gas
  • Depends on the element

Question 62

Question
What organic compound does C=C-C represent?
Image:
668be2e9-747c-4d93-ad1d-09017bbbf15e (image/png)
Answer
  • Propane
  • Propene
  • Benzene
  • Butene

Question 63

Question
What is the chemical formula for Calcium Chloride?
Answer
  • Ca2Cl
  • CACl2
  • CaCl2
  • CLCA2

Question 64

Question
Which represents Benzene using Carbon Chains..
Answer

Question 65

Question
What type of controller does this graph represent?
Image:
db514325-bc2e-4b8a-9ff8-7e54238e57ba (image/png)
Answer
  • PID
  • PI
  • P
  • Cascade

Question 66

Question
For liquid flow processes what should the controller settings be?
Answer
  • TA= 0.5, 10
  • TA= 1, 5
  • TA= 1, 10
  • TA= 10, 100

Question 67

Question
With a 5% increase in CO and a 10% increase in PV, what is the gain?
Answer
  • 1
  • 2
  • 0.5
  • 1.5

Question 68

Question
What reaction will happen if Iron is left in H2O?
Answer
  • Reduction
  • Oxidation
  • Ionization
  • Plating

Question 69

Question
What is measured when analyzing pH or electrical conductivity?
Answer
  • Number of free ions
  • Electrical current
  • Acidity
  • The activity of ions

Question 70

Question
What is annealing?
Answer
  • The removal of free ions from the metals surface
  • Relieves internal stress in metals
  • An inert sealing process
  • A blending of graded stainless steel

Question 71

Question
_C4H10 + _O2 >>>> _CO2 + _H2O Please balance the equation.
Answer
  • 1, 1, 1, 1
  • 2, 13, 8, 10
  • 1, 6.5, 4, 5
  • This equation cannot be balanced

Question 72

Question
What are the advantages of a grab sample?
Answer
  • Accurate
  • Cheap
  • Can be taken online
  • Is specified and maintained by industry standards

Question 73

Question
What are the disadvantages of grab samples?
Answer
  • Expensive
  • Cannot be accurately verified
  • Is not representative of the process when taken.
  • Innacurate and a Bypass is required.

Question 74

Question
What are the two types of turbines?
Answer
  • Inductance and reluctance.
  • Forward and backward.
  • Positive and negative.
  • Conventional and Smart.

Question 75

Question
How do you determine derivative?
Answer
  • It is determined by the gain and integral of the controller.
  • It is the rate of change.
  • It is a measure of how a function changes as the input changes.
  • It is the value of overshoot to eliminate

Question 76

Question
What is a polar covalent bond?
Answer
  • Unequal donation of electrons.
  • Equal sharing of electrons.
  • Unequal sharing of electrons.
  • Equal donation of electrons.

Question 77

Question
What are the products of coal in complete combustion?
Answer
  • C + O2 > CO2
  • C + O2 > CO + O2
  • C + H2O > CO + H2O
  • C + O2 > CO + CO2 + O2

Question 78

Question
What type of process has gain changing at 3 points?
Answer
  • Linear, Multicapacity, Integrating
  • Linear, Single Capacity, Self Regulating
  • Non-Linear, Multicapacity, Integrating
  • Non-Linear, Single capacity, Integrating

Question 79

Question
What is Lag?
Answer
  • Error below the setpoint
  • Deadtime
  • The over or undershoot
  • The time it takes to stabilize the output

Question 80

Question
What is bias?
Answer
  • how the conotrller modulates gain
  • How the error is calculated in reference to the change in signal
  • The sum of errors over the step change
  • Output of the controller when no errors exist

Question 81

Question
What type of communication is used in a digital loop with a controller with continuous talking?
Answer
  • Peer to peer
  • IP
  • Modbus
  • HART

Question 82

Question
Why is cabling shielding used?
Answer
  • To prevent electromagnetic interference
  • To prevent the cable from cracking during bending and coiling
  • To contain the heat and electricity traveling in the wire
  • Shielding is used to tell what gauge and specifications apply to the cable

Question 83

Question
Why does a transmitter require a minimum voltage?
Answer
  • Without power the display and signal emitter will not function.
  • The power is required to actuate the sensor
  • To accurately generate an analog signal
  • No transmitter can function without power

Question 84

Question
What is CV?
Answer
  • Control Valve
  • Calculated Velocity
  • Controlled Variable
  • Flow Coefficient

Question 85

Question
what is the principle of positive displacement meter?
Answer
  • Uses the displacement of a flapper element to correspond to the volumetric flow
  • Divides the flow media into fixed volumes and as it passes through the flow body the time taken corresponds to the exact flow.
  • Based on the velocity at the entry and exit sensor volumetric flow is calculated.
  • The size of the flow body will directly correlate to the volumetric flow.

Question 86

Question
What function does an I/P complete?
Answer
  • Converts voltage to pressure.
  • Converts pressure to current.
  • Converts current to volts.
  • Converts current to pressure.

Question 87

Question
Define a multi-capacity process.
Answer
  • A combination of dead time and first order
  • When multiple process interact and effect the overall control method
  • A process with multiple controlled variables.
  • A process with multiple controllers in a polling system to determine the final output.

Question 88

Question
Which is a measurement of a vibration cycle?
Answer
  • Peak to peak
  • Period of oscillation.
  • Wave size
  • Wave length

Question 89

Question
How does a Load Cell work?
Answer
  • Less resistance = Less Load
  • Less resistance = More Load
  • More resistance = Less Load
  • More resistance = More Load

Question 90

Question
Why is coal crushed for combustion?
Answer
  • Increased surface area will generate more heat.
  • If the coal is not crushed it will not combust. Must be a dust.
  • Crushed coal will have more efficient combustion and produce less CO.
  • It is easier to transport.

Question 91

Question
What functions do a sampling probe offer a Sample System?
Answer
  • Transmission & Separation
  • Dilution & Filtration
  • Isolation & Filtration
  • Pressure Reduction & Flow Rates

Question 92

Question
What is cascade control?
Answer
  • Uses a descending SP to slowly modulate the final control element
  • Uses a feed forward strategy to determine a new SP based on the last sent SP
  • Multiple controllers vote towards a master controller which will determine the final SP.
  • Uses output of the primrary controller to manipulate the SP of a secondary controller

Question 93

Question
In a H2O treatment facility, what is the best analyzer?
Answer
  • pH
  • Chlorine
  • O2
  • H2S

Question 94

Question
What does the distillation analyzer produce?
Answer
  • Boiling Characteristics
  • Purity
  • Dew Point
  • All other answers

Question 95

Question
What is a worldwide standardized analyzer?
Answer
  • Micro Gas Chromatograph
  • Dead Weight Tester
  • Chilled Mirror
  • Oil in Water Analyzer

Question 96

Question
What does Phase Lag do in first order processes?
Answer
  • Phase Lag increases as Gain decreases
  • Phase Lag decreases as Gain increases
  • Phase Lag increases as SP decreases
  • Phase Lag increases as Integral decreases

Question 97

Question
If the voltage over a 250 Ohm resistor is 10VDC what is the current?
Answer
  • 250 A
  • 250 mA
  • 250 kA
  • 2500 mA

Question 98

Question
Which O2 Analyzer uses a bridge circuit?
Answer
  • Thermo-Magnetic
  • Electro-Chemical
  • Zirconium Oxide
  • Infared

Question 99

Question
What must remain constant with capacitance level measurement?
Answer
  • Conductivity
  • Density
  • Volume
  • Moisutre Content

Question 100

Question
The SI unit for radiation dose equivalent is which of the following?
Answer
  • Gray
  • Curie
  • Sievert
  • Sutherby

Question 101

Question
SCR is an acronym for.....
Answer
  • Self Contained Regulator - A regulator that is not pilot or instrument operated
  • Silicon Controlled Rectifier - a device which conducts in only 1 direction.
  • Scattered Control Region - When the controller outputs cannot be plotted using a line or wave
  • Strip Chart Recorder - A recording device used to record a measured signal over time.

Question 102

Question
What’s the best location of an analyzer used for process control?
Answer
  • As close to the process as possible.
  • In an heated maintained analyze shack.
  • The control room.
  • Doesn't matter.

Question 103

Question
What happens to electrons when two nitrogen’s bond?
Answer
  • Gives Electrons, Ionic Bonding
  • Shares Electrons, Covalent Bonding.
  • Shares Electrons, Metallic Bonding.
  • Gives Electrons, Hydrogen Bonding

Question 104

Question
10. Given Vout = 24V Gain = 1000, R1 = 5 KOhm, Ro = 5 MOhm calculate Vin of an inverting op-amp, using: Vin=Vo/Av or Vo= (-Rf/Ri)*Vin?
Answer
  • 0.024 Volts
  • 24 Volts
  • 0.24 Volts
  • 24,000 Volts

Question 105

Question
In this circuit, what is the expression for the ratio of output voltage to input voltage (Vout/V1)?
Image:
196efa54-6113-4faf-88ac-6ccf4cb1d6c5.gif (image/gif)
Answer
  • Ro/R1
  • -Ro/R1
  • R1/Ro
  • -R1/Ro

Question 106

Question
In this circuit, you want a gain of ten. Actually, you are going to have to settle for a gain of -10 because you can't get rid of the minus sign. Still, if R1 is 5 kW, what is the value you need to use for R0? Give your answer in ohms.
Image:
9d3fbc18-7586-4092-b069-4261b0b38f14.gif (image/gif)
Answer
  • 500 Ohms
  • -50,000 Ohms
  • 50,000 Ohms
  • -500 Ohms

Question 107

Question
In this circuit, you have it set up for a gain of -10. The input voltage is .24v. What is the output voltage?
Image:
19cf2a32-d278-45e4-a2f7-75de9703c786.gif (image/gif)
Answer
  • -2.4 Volts
  • 2.4 Volts
  • 24 Volts
  • -.024 Volts

Question 108

Question
In this circuit, you have it set up for a gain of -10. The input voltage is -.35v. What is the output voltage?
Answer
  • 0.035 Volts
  • -3.5 Volts
  • 3.5 Volts
  • -0.035 Volts

Question 109

Question
Assuming that you have an inverting amplifier with R1 = 10,000W, determine a value for Ro that will produce an amplifier with a gain of 3.3.
Answer
  • -33000W
  • 3300W
  • 330000W
  • 33000W

Question 110

Question
Assuming that you have an inverting amplifier with Ro = 4,700W, determine a value for R1 that will produce an amplifer with a gain of -5.
Image:
3046433b-966d-4257-92fb-4fce4021b9cf.gif (image/gif)
Answer
  • 23,500W
  • 940W
  • -940W
  • -23,500W

Question 111

Question
Polarographic cell is good for?
Answer
  • UEL level in an atmosphere
  • LEL level in an atmosphere
  • O2 content in a gas
  • Aromatics

Question 112

Question
How to measure moisture content in a sheet of paper where particle size does not matter?
Answer
  • Voltage
  • Conductivity
  • Moisture Analyzer
  • Infared Absorbtion

Question 113

Question
4-20mA input and 10-bit output, calculate the number of mA per bit?
Answer
  • 15.6uA
  • 15.6 mA
  • 0.156 mA
  • 15.6 A

Question 114

Question
The MSB of an 8-bit system is?
Answer
  • 1024/8 = 128
  • 2^8 = 256/2 = 128
  • 2^8 = 256
  • 1024 * 8 = 8192

Question 115

Question
Method of density measurement using a sample gas column and an air column?
Answer
  • Weight Scale
  • Gravitometer
  • Densitometer
  • Blower Motor

Question 116

Question
16. Faraday’s law states that a conductor moving through a magnetic field generates a?
Answer
  • Field
  • Voltage
  • Current
  • Resistance

Question 117

Question
17. Which of the following has the fastest response: Zener diode, Avalanche diode, Metal Oxide?
Answer
  • Metal Oxide
  • Zener Diode
  • Avalanche Diode
  • None of the above

Question 118

Question
Intrinisic Safety is what type of protection?
Answer
  • Energy Limiting
  • Containment
  • Purging
  • General Purpose

Question 119

Question
What is the purpose of a Transmitter?
Answer
  • To measure a process variable.
  • Provide a read out indication of a process variable.
  • Converts a measured process variable into a signal.
  • Depends on the transmitter configuration.

Question 120

Question
How many current loops are in a PID loop?
Answer
  • One
  • Two
  • Three
  • Four

Question 121

Question
What is the formula for butane?
Answer

Question 122

Question
What is NH4CL?
Answer
  • Ammonia Chloride
  • Ammonium Chloride
  • Table Salt
  • Sodium Chloride

Question 123

Question
Please balance _CH2 + _O2 --> _CO2 + 2H2O
Answer
  • 2, 6, 2,
  • 2, 4, 2
  • 4, 12, 4
  • 1, 1, 1

Question 124

Question
What is a property of Alkanes?
Answer
  • Extremely reactive.
  • Saturated and don’t react readily with other hydrocarbons.
  • Does not react with any other substances.
  • Soluble in water.

Question 125

Question
Why is it hard to control PH?
Answer
  • The titration curve is non linear.
  • Very high resistance in probe.
  • Very small voltage change.
  • All of the above.

Question 126

Question
Given this chemical reaction in a boiler what are the products and reactants? CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
Answer
  • Products: CO2, H2O Reactants: CH4, O2
  • Products: CH4, O2 Reactants: CO2, H2O
  • Products: CO2, O2 Reactants: CH4, H2O
  • Products: CH4, H2O Reactants: CO2, O2

Question 127

Question
A smart valve senses what?
Answer
  • Position
  • Pressure
  • Temperature
  • All answers

Question 128

Question
What is the purpose of the Teflon coating in a Magnetic Flow Meter?
Answer
  • Prevents corrosion of the meter and electrodes.
  • Prevents the generated signal from shorting to pipe.
  • The coating must be soft to create the right flow profile.
  • Without the coating the flanges will not be able to hold the meter in the correct position.

Question 129

Question
What is the material in an O2 analyzer membrane?
Answer
  • Teflon
  • PFA
  • Tefzel
  • Hard Rubber

Question 130

Question
How do you measure flow in a trench? (Most Common Method)
Answer
  • Weir
  • Paddlewheel
  • Flow Nozzle
  • Turbine

Question 131

Question
When transistors are used in digital circuits they usually operate in the:
Answer
  • Breakdown Region
  • Active Region
  • Linear Region
  • Saturation and Cutoff Regions

Question 132

Question
Three different Q points are shown on a dc load line. The upper Q point represents the:
Answer
  • Maximum Current Gain
  • Minimum Current Gain
  • Intermediate Current Gain
  • Cutoff Gain

Question 133

Question
A current ratio of IC/IE is usually less than one and is called:
Answer
  • Beta
  • Theta
  • Alpha
  • Omega

Question 134

Question
In a C-E configuration, an emitter resistor is used for:
Answer
  • Stabilization
  • AC Signal Bypass
  • Collector Bias
  • Higher Gain

Question 135

Question
With the positive probe on an NPN base, an ohmmeter reading between the other transistor terminals should be:
Answer
  • High Resistance
  • Open
  • Low Resistance
  • Infinite

Question 136

Question
Voltage-divider bias provides:
Answer
  • A Q point that is stable and easily varies with changes in the transistor's current gain.
  • A Q point that easily varies with changes in the transistor's current gain.
  • A Stable Q point.
  • An unstable Q point,

Question 137

Question
To operate properly, a transistor’s base-emitter junction must be forward biased with reverse bias applied to which junction?
Answer
  • Collector-Emitter
  • Base-Emitter
  • Base-Collector
  • Collector-Base

Question 138

Question
The C-B configuration is used to provide which type of gain?
Answer
  • Current
  • Voltage
  • Resistance
  • Power

Question 139

Question
The ends of a load line drawn on a family of curves determine:
Answer
  • The Operating Point
  • Saturation and Cutoff
  • The Amplification Factor
  • The Power Curve

Question 140

Question
Which is beta’s current ratio?
Answer
  • Ic/Ie
  • Ic/Ib
  • Ib/Ie
  • Ie/Ib

Question 141

Question
The Q point on a load line may be used to determine:
Answer
  • Vcc
  • Vc
  • Vb
  • Ic

Question 142

Question
A transistor may be used as a switching device or as a:
Answer
  • Fixed Resistor
  • Rectifier
  • Tuning Device
  • Variable Resistor

Question 143

Question
When a silicon diode is forward biased, what is VBE for a C-E configuration?
Answer
  • Emitter Voltage
  • Voltage-Divider Bias
  • 0.7V
  • 0.4V

Question 144

Question
With low-power transistor packages, the base terminal is usually the:
Answer
  • Stud Mount
  • Middle
  • Right End
  • Tab End

Question 145

Question
A collector characteristic curve is a graph showing:
Answer
  • Collector current (IC) versus collector-emitter voltage (VCE) with (VBB) base bias voltage held constant.
  • Emitter current (IE) versus collector-emitter voltage (VCE) with (VBB) base bias voltage held constant.
  • Collector current (IC) versus collector-emitter voltage (VC) with (VBB) base bias voltage held constant.
  • Collector current (IC) versus collector-emitter voltage (VCC) with (VBB) base bias voltage held constant.

Question 146

Question
What is the current gain for a common-base configuration where IE = 4.2 mA and IC = 4.0 mA?
Answer
  • 1.05 mA
  • 0.20 mA
  • 16.80 mA
  • 0.95 mA

Question 147

Question
If a 2 mV signal produces a 2 V output, what is the voltage gain?
Answer
  • 0.004
  • 100
  • 0.001
  • 1000

Question 148

Question
With a PNP circuit, the most positive voltage is probably:
Answer
  • Vcc
  • Ground
  • Vbe
  • Vc

Question 149

Question
Most of the electrons in the base of an NPN transistor flow:
Answer
  • Into the base supply
  • Into the emitter
  • Into the collector
  • Out of the base lead

Question 150

Question
In a transistor, collector current is controlled by
Answer
  • All of the below.
  • Base Current.
  • Collector Voltage.
  • Collector Resistance.

Question 151

Question
What is the most reliable form of density measurement
Answer
  • Bubbler
  • Differential Pressure
  • Densitometer
  • Weighted Flow

Question 152

Question
Using Psychometric chart find dew point given dry air 20 Deg C, wet air 13 Deg C?
Image:
28db0df4-d679-4249-9d6c-ba653f404513.gif (image/gif)
Answer
  • 10 Deg C
  • 8 Deg C
  • 7.6 Deg C
  • 7 Deg C

Question 153

Question
Integrating op-amp, what happens when Rf opens? Vo= (Rf/Ri) + 1*Vin
Answer
  • Negative Rail
  • Positive Rail
  • Clipping
  • DC Offset

Question 154

Question
Whose law refers to flow head or head pressure?
Answer
  • Einstein
  • Faraday
  • Bernoulli
  • Newton

Question 155

Question
Name a disadvantage of positive displacement meters?
Answer
  • Inaccurate
  • Mechanical wear
  • Requires 20 upstream pipe diameters
  • Hard to calibrate

Question 156

Question
What is an example of a PD meter?
Answer
  • Nutating Disc
  • Rotating Vane
  • Reciprocating Piston
  • All of the above

Question 157

Question
What’s the advantage of a turbine flow meter?
Answer
  • High Accuracy, Repeatibility
  • No Moving Parts
  • Never Requires Calibration
  • Provides cheap mass flow readout

Question 158

Question
How does the Magnetic Shuttle ball Vortex Shedding meter measure?
Answer
  • Capacitance
  • Impedance
  • Resistance
  • Inductance

Question 159

Question
What type of flow has a Reynolds’s number of 10,000?
Answer
  • Turbulent
  • Laminar
  • Transistional
  • None

Question 160

Question
What form of excitation in a Magnetic Flowmeter performs zeroing?
Answer
  • AC
  • DC
  • 3-Phase
  • Pulsed DC

Question 161

Question
What is a requirement for an ultrasonic Doppler flow meter?
Answer
  • Good Pipe Contact with Transducer
  • Laminar Flow
  • Suspended Solids or Bubbles
  • All of the above

Question 162

Question
Using the HART communicator it must be in what with resistor?
Answer
  • Paralell
  • Series
  • It can be in any circuit
  • Line

Question 163

Question
Most accurate form of temperature measurement?
Answer
  • Thermocouple
  • Thermometer Bulb
  • RTD 3 Wire or 4 Wire
  • Thermistor

Question 164

Question
Advantage of a Pyrometer?
Answer
  • Allows for multiple temperature measurements at once
  • Never requires calibration
  • No moving parts and no physical contact
  • Can be used at a distance

Question 165

Question
What is a Pyrometer`s principle of operation?
Answer
  • Excitation of the laser frequency corresponds to temperature.
  • Hot objects radiation is compared to a tungsten lamp. Thermal radiation given off by an object is a function of its absolute temperature.
  • The change in temperature of the metal generates a voltage.
  • The change in tensile strength corresponds to the change in temperature.

Question 166

Question
Disadvantage of a thermistor?
Answer
  • High Negative Temperature Coefficient
  • Low Temperature Coefficient
  • Non-linear
  • A & C

Question 167

Question
Why does a Thermocouple have reference temperature compensation?
Answer
  • To generate voltage a neutral source is required.
  • To compensate for ambient temperature changes.
  • To compensate for the junction created at the transmitter terminals.
  • B & C

Question 168

Question
A Thermocouple measures
Answer
  • Reference Temperature
  • Temperature difference between measurement junction and reference junction
  • Reference Junction
  • None of the above

Question 169

Question
What are the benefits of using a Thermocouple?
Answer
  • Wide Temperature Range
  • High Accuracy
  • Wide Temperature Range and Simple
  • A & B

Question 170

Question
What is a method of calibrating a Thermocouple?
Answer
  • Place the reference junction in an ice bath and measure ambient temperatures.
  • Measure ambient temperatures with reference tables.
  • They must be laboratory calibrated.
  • Thermocouples cannot be calibrated.

Question 171

Question
What is derivative?
Answer
  • Accounts for present values of errors.
  • Accounts for past errors and uses it to respond to new changes.
  • Rate of PV change over time, ΔPV/Δt. Rate of change of error/change in time, Δe/Δt.
  • A control method for rapidly changing processes.

Question 172

Question
Given PB=50%, Reverse acting, step Input of 5% increase, what is the open loop response?
Answer
  • 10% Decrease.
  • 10% Increase
  • 5% Decreae
  • 5% Increase

Question 173

Question
Given 0-6mV input and 4-20mA output, what is the gain?
Answer
  • 1
  • 100
  • 667
  • 332

Question 174

Question
With a 250Ω resistor, with 4-20mA across, what is the voltage?
Answer
  • 1-5 Volts
  • 10-30 Volts
  • 2-10 Volts
  • 0-24 Volts

Question 175

Question
Why is an H2S or Ammonia detector not good in other toxic environments?
Answer
  • They are fine for all environments.
  • They can cause an explosion.
  • Other combustible gases can change the response of the detector.
  • Toxic environments will damage the sensor providing false readings.

Question 176

Question
Given 2% CH3 and the UEL of CH3 is 5.3%. What’s the LEL?
Answer
  • 10%
  • 38%
  • 15%
  • 1%

Question 177

Question
What are the most common components to monitor in stack gases?
Answer
  • NOx
  • SOx
  • CO, CH4
  • O2, CO2

Question 178

Question
Definition of Opacity?
Answer
  • The density of a solution.
  • Amount of light alternation due to absorption or reflection by a solution.
  • The viscosity of a solution.
  • None of the above.

Question 179

Question
What is the principle of operation of an ultrasonic level detector?
Answer
  • Time it takes for a sound pulse to travel from a sensor to reflecting surfaces & back to the sensor. Measured time for the sound to bounce and return.
  • How much sound is absorbed as it passes through the fluid.
  • The amount of vibration in the sensor based on the frequency of the fluid.
  • None of the above.

Question 180

Question
What are some good processes for ultrasonic level detection?
Answer
  • Corrosive or Reactive Fluids.
  • Hydrocarbon storage cavity, chip bin. Solids.
  • Interface and Multi-phase Solutions
  • All of the above.

Question 181

Question
With no current output in a loop, what is the first thing to check?
Answer
  • Wire
  • Resistor
  • Power Supply
  • Voltage

Question 182

Question
Given an alarm circuit diagram, if the Vsupply increases by 2V, what happens?
Answer
  • Low and high alarm set points increases.
  • High alarm set point increases.
  • Low and high alarm set points decreases.
  • Low set point decreases.

Question 183

Question
70. What is the accuracy of Draegar tubes?
Answer
  • +/- 5%
  • +/- 10%
  • +/- 25%
  • +/- 50%

Question 184

Question
What is sensed by lead acetate tape?
Answer
  • NOx
  • H2S
  • SOx
  • CO2

Question 185

Question
What is sour gas?
Answer
  • H2S
  • Toxic CH4
  • Highly Reactive Natural Gas
  • Down well CO2

Question 186

Question
What is the limitation of a Coriolis Mass flow meter?
Answer
  • 6" Body Flanges.
  • Upstream/Downstream Pipe Diameters.
  • Both A & B.
  • None of the above.

Question 187

Question
Which is a type of gas density measurement?
Answer
  • Ultrasonic
  • Centrifugal
  • Coriolis
  • Thermal Mass

Question 188

Question
Where to place a hydrogen detector in a compressor building?
Answer
  • Down Low.
  • Up High.
  • Middle Height
  • A & B

Question 189

Question
Which of the following is being reduced in the following: S + O2 ---> SO2 SO2 + H2O ---> H2SO3
Answer
  • SO2 + H2O ---> H2SO3
  • S + O2 ---> SO2
  • Neither is reduction.
  • Both are reduction.

Question 190

Question
Given H+ concentration = 7.2*10e-11 find PH?
Answer
  • 10.14
  • 14
  • 7
  • 5.4

Question 191

Question
Which is more basic?
Answer
  • 7
  • 7.86
  • 2
  • 10

Question 192

Question
Difference op-amp, given Vin = 1.2V what is Vout? Vo=(Vi2-Vi1)(Rf/Ri)
Answer
  • -17.56V
  • 17.56V
  • 8V
  • -8V

Question 193

Question
Purpose of a flame detector in a burner?
Answer
  • To give the flame profile.
  • To detect incomplete combustion.
  • A & D
  • To detect if the pilot goes out.

Question 194

Question
Explosimeter prevents fire during operation by?
Answer
  • Flame Arrester.
  • Reducting Foil.
  • Flashback arrestor.
  • None of the above.

Question 195

Question
Definition of Strauhal’s number? Or how does it relate to a Shedding Vortex Meter.
Answer
  • Used to determine the size and number of vortices in a flow profile.
  • Relates vortices to velocity.
  • 6.022×10^23 Is used to determine the relationship between vortices and mass flow.
  • None of the above.

Question 196

Question
Where is the control loop shield attached?
Answer
  • At the instrument end only to prevent ground loops.
  • At the source end only to prevent ground loops.
  • At Both
  • To an IS barrier.

Question 197

Question
What are the benefits of a current limiting transmitter?
Answer
  • Protects all loop components.
  • Limits voltage to within operating tolerance.
  • Maintains loop resistance.
  • All of the above

Question 198

Question
Process is at 200Hz, When should we take a sample?
Answer
  • 200Hz
  • 400Hz
  • 300Hz
  • 600Hz

Question 199

Question
Definition of CMRR in op-amps?
Answer
  • Common mode rejection ratio - the ability to reject noise.
  • Common meter rising resistance - the ability to modulate resistance based on the input current
  • Common mode resistance ratio - the ratio of resistors to voltages.
  • None of the above.

Question 200

Question
What type of op-amps acts as if it has two gains?
Answer
  • Difference
  • Integrating
  • Potentiometric
  • Ideal
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