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Meiosis and Mendelian Genetics

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Year 2 Quiz on Meiosis and Mendelian Genetics, created by gina_evans0312 on 15/12/2013.
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Quiz by gina_evans0312, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by gina_evans0312 over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Sexual reproduction requires the production of gametes containing half the chromosomes of the parent
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 2

Question
Mitochondrial DNA comes from the...
Answer
  • Mother
  • Father
  • Both

Question 3

Question
Define Homologous Chromosomes
Answer
  • Chromosomes of the same length and centromere position with genes for the same characteristics
  • Chromosomes of the same length and centromere position with genes for complimentary characteristics
  • Chromosomes of the different length/ centromere position with genes for the same characteristics

Question 4

Question
What must sister chromatids have?
Answer
  • Two identical replications
  • Three identical replications
  • Of different chromosomes
  • Of the same chromosomes

Question 5

Question
How do you get from homologous chromosomes to sister chromatids?
Answer
  • Replication
  • Transcription
  • DNA degredation

Question 6

Question
What is the difference between Meiosis I and Meiosis II?
Answer
  • Meiosis I- Sister chromatids separate Meiosis II- Homologous chromosomes separate
  • Meiosis I- Homologous Chromosomes separate Meiosis II- Sister chromatids separate

Question 7

Question
In Meiosis I, name two changes to nuclear architecture that assist homologous chromosome pairing
Answer
  • Bouquet formations
  • Rabl formations
  • Spine formations
  • Chiasmata

Question 8

Question
Telomere clustering causes Rabl formations
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
Some organisms have elements that facilitate pairing i.e.
Answer
  • Chromatin
  • Heterochromatin
  • Homochromatin

Question 10

Question
Synaptonemal complexes are found between homologous chromosomes and are thought to facilitate what?
Answer
  • Chromosome pairing
  • Chromosome synapsis
  • Chromosome recombination

Question 11

Question
Chromosome synapsis is the close lying of chromosomes next to each other
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
The separating of homologous chromosomes is mediated by what?
Answer
  • Synapsis
  • Chiasmata
  • Rabl formations
  • Helicase

Question 13

Question
Other species have specilised linkages - name two examples
Answer
  • Lewis formations
  • Rabl formations
  • Achiasmate
  • Non exachange

Question 14

Question
Cohesin only occurs between sister chromatids
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
What is the role of cohesin in Meiosis I?
Answer
  • Holds sister chromatids together
  • Allows chiasmata to occur
  • Counteracts microtubule pulling force until the crossover is complete

Question 16

Question
What is the role of chiasmata/crossing over in meiosos?
Answer
  • Increases genetic diversity
  • Prevents mistakes (i.e. incorrect separation)
  • Increases efficiency of microtubule separation

Question 17

Question
In Meiosis I, sister chromatids must go to separate poles
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 18

Question
What is the 'Mono-orientation of sister kinetochores?'
Answer
  • Sister chromatids remaining together and travelling to the same pole
  • The exchange of DNA between homologous chromosomes
  • Sister chromatids separating and travelling to opposite poles

Question 19

Question
What is the budding/fission yeast version of 'Mono-orientation of sister kinetochores'?
Answer
  • Monopolin
  • Monoferrin
  • Monobindin

Question 20

Question
We have no idea how Mono-orientation of sister kinetochores occurs in humans
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
How is Cohesin lost in Anaphase I and II
Answer
  • Microtubules attach and release separase
  • Separase is released during chiasmata
  • Separase is transcribed in the nucleus and diffuses to homologous chromosomes

Question 22

Question
During anaphase I, cohesin is lost where?
Answer
  • Between sister chromatids
  • At the centromere

Question 23

Question
According to Medel's first law of inheritance, what happens to the two alleles present during replication?
Answer
  • They are separated away from each other to opposite poles, so each gamete has only 1 allele, giving a ratio of 2:2 in the gametes
  • They are not separated and go to the same pole, so each gamete has two alleles, giving a ratio of 1:1 in the gametes
  • They are separated to the same poles, so each gamete has two alleles, giving a ratio of 2:2 in the gametes

Question 24

Question
What assumptions are made in the Hardy Weinburg Equilibrium Equation?
Answer
  • Only random mating and gene flow
  • No selection
  • No mutation
  • No meiotic drive

Question 25

Question
Mendel's Second Law is The Law Of Segregation
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
State Mendel's Sencond Law
Answer
  • That alleles are separated from each other so each gamete will possess one allele
  • The order in which the homologous chromosomes line up at the equator is completely random with respect to each other

Question 27

Question
Linked genes are much more likely to be separated
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
Define Linkage Disequilibrium
Answer
  • Genes are found on the same chromosome
  • The clustering of telomeres prevents genes from separating
  • The occurrence in members of a population, combinations of linked genes in non-random proportions

Question 29

Question
What is the following showing?
Image:
Bivalent (image/png)
Answer
  • A bivalent
  • A chiasma
  • A bouquet formation

Question 30

Question
What is the following showing?
Image:
Chiasma (image/png)
Answer
  • Bivalent
  • Chiasma
  • Linkage disequilibrium

Question 31

Question
What is the following highlighting
Image:
Recombinant_Chromatids (image/png)
Answer
  • Homologous Chromosomes
  • Sister chromatids
  • Recombinant chromatids
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