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Mammalian Biochemistry Class Test Prep

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Preparation for a class test using self made questions
MatthewEllis96
Quiz by MatthewEllis96, updated more than 1 year ago
MatthewEllis96
Created by MatthewEllis96 about 8 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Which of these is not a function of blood?
Answer
  • Transport of nutrients
  • Transport of signals (hormones etc)
  • Heat distribution
  • Hormone production

Question 2

Question
Which of these inorganic ions are not found in plasma?
Answer
  • Na+
  • Cl-
  • K+
  • Mg2+

Question 3

Question
Which of these is not a component of plasma?
Answer
  • Water
  • Small organics
  • Proteins
  • Red blood cells

Question 4

Question
How much water is contained in plasma?
Answer
  • 5-5.5L
  • 5.5-6L
  • 4.5-5L
  • 6-6.5L

Question 5

Question
Which is the most abundant serum protein?
Answer
  • Albumin
  • α1-globulins
  • β-globulins
  • γ-globulins

Question 6

Question
What is the normal range of protein concentration in serum?
Answer
  • 60-80 g/L
  • 50-70 g/L
  • 70-90 g/L
  • 40-60 g/L

Question 7

Question
What are the approximate proportions of Albumin?
Answer
  • ~55%
  • ~60%
  • ~50%
  • ~65%

Question 8

Question
What is the approximate proportion of immunoglobulin G?
Answer
  • ~15%
  • ~20%
  • ~10%
  • ~25%

Question 9

Question
Which of these is not involved in blood clotting?
Answer
  • Albumin
  • Thrombin
  • Fibrin
  • Plasmin

Question 10

Question
Which of these is a 66kDa polypeptide with 3 homologous domains each with different binding sites?
Answer
  • Albumin
  • α1-Proteinase Inhibitor
  • Transferrin
  • Haemoglobin

Question 11

Question
Which of the following is a 54kDa polypeptide with a 'bait' sequence for elastase binding?
Answer
  • α1-Proteinase Inhibitor
  • Albumin
  • Transferrin
  • Haemoglobin

Question 12

Question
Which of the following is a 77kDa polypeptide with 2 homologous domains each with an Fe binding site
Answer
  • Transferrin
  • Albumin
  • α1-Proteinase Inhibitor
  • Haemoglobin

Question 13

Question
Which of the following is not a Granulocyte
Answer
  • Neutrophils
  • Eiosinophils
  • Basophils
  • Lymphocytes

Question 14

Question
How many molecules of Haemoglobin are there in a red blood cell?
Answer
  • 250x10^6
  • 250x10^8
  • 250x10^7
  • 250x10^5

Question 15

Question
Which of the following is not present in a red blood cell?
Answer
  • Mitochondria
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Haemoglobin
  • Cell Membrane

Question 16

Question
Which of the following is a 64kDa tetrapolypeptide with 2 α-chains and 2 β-chains?
Answer
  • Haemoglobin
  • Albumin
  • Transferrin
  • α1-Proteinase Inhibitor

Question 17

Question
What percentage of humans have a Haemoglobin mutation?
Answer
  • 1%
  • 5%
  • 7%
  • 9%

Question 18

Question
Which of the following is not a main role of pattern recognition receptors?
Answer
  • To activate the cell to synthesise
  • To cause cells to release defensive molecules
  • To initiate phagocytosis or apoptosis
  • To carry out phagocytosis or apoptosis

Question 19

Question
Which of the following carries out phagocytosis
Answer
  • Neutrophils
  • Lymphocytes
  • Basophils
  • Eosinophils

Question 20

Question
Which of the following is not an anti microbial enzyme?
Answer
  • Lysozyme
  • Lacoperioxidase
  • Phopholipase A2
  • Superoxide dismutase

Question 21

Question
What is the size of anti-microbial peptides?
Answer
  • 3-5kDa
  • 2-4kDa
  • 4-6kDa
  • 5-7kDa

Question 22

Question
Which of the following is not an anti-microbial peptide?
Answer
  • Defensins
  • Histatins
  • Cathelicidins
  • Transferrins

Question 23

Question
Which of the following is not a feature of adaptive immunity?
Answer
  • Specificity
  • Memory
  • Tolerance
  • Rapid 1st Response

Question 24

Question
Which of the following is regarded as a type of lympocyte
Answer
  • B cell
  • T cell
  • Both B and T cell
  • Neither B or T cell

Question 25

Question
In vaccination, which of these methods is not used?
Answer
  • Using a related organism
  • Using a wild type strain
  • Using a recombinent antigen
  • Using an attenuated strain

Question 26

Question
Which of the following is a 150kDa tetrapolypeptide with 2 heavy amd 2 light chains
Answer
  • IgG
  • Haemoglobin
  • Albumin
  • Transferrin

Question 27

Question
IgG is made up of...
Answer
  • 2 50kDa chains and 2 25kDa chains
  • 1 75kDa chain and 3 25kDa chains
  • 2 75kDa chains
  • 3 50kDa chains

Question 28

Question
Which of these is a correct arrangement for polypeptide chains in IgG
Answer
  • γ2λ2
  • λ2κ2
  • γ2κλ
  • γ2γ2

Question 29

Question
How many Complementary-Determining Regions are there in a IgG molecule?
Answer
  • 12
  • 10
  • 8
  • 6

Question 30

Question
Which of the following contains 2 heavy chains (α) and two light chains (λ or κ)
Answer
  • IgA
  • IgM
  • IgD
  • IgE

Question 31

Question
Which of the following has 2 heavy chains (µ) and two light chains (λ or κ)
Answer
  • IgA
  • IgM
  • IgD
  • IgE

Question 32

Question
Which of the following has 2 heavy chains (δ) and two light chains (λ or κ)
Answer
  • IgA
  • IgM
  • IgD
  • IgE

Question 33

Question
Which of the following has 2 heavy chains (ε) and two light chains (λ or κ)
Answer
  • IgA
  • igD
  • IgM
  • IgE

Question 34

Question
The V domains on all the heavy chains are specified by
Answer
  • V segment
  • V and D segments
  • V, D and J segments
  • V and J segments

Question 35

Question
The V domains on all the light chains are specified by
Answer
  • V segment
  • V and D segments
  • V, D and J segments
  • V and J segments

Question 36

Question
Which of the following is false regarding Antibody-mediated immunity?
Answer
  • Directed towards extracellular antigens.
  • Recognition by BCRs on the B-cells.
  • Requires confirmation by Th-cells for antibody production
  • Directed towards intracellular antigens.

Question 37

Question
Which of the following statements regarding the MHC I and MHC II systems is false?
Answer
  • The are both highly polymorphic.
  • Both require 3 types of peptides
  • Individuals commonly have the same combination of MHC proteins
  • The binding sites of the MHC proteins recognise sets of peptides

Question 38

Question
Which of the following statements regarding T-cells is false?
Answer
  • From bone marrow
  • Mature in bone marrow
  • There are two types
  • Mature T-cells circulate and reside in lymphoid tissue

Question 39

Question
Which of the following statements is false?
Answer
  • All mitochondria come from the mother
  • Mitochondria have their own DNA
  • Mitochondria is found in all cell types
  • Mitochondria is involved with apoptosis

Question 40

Question
The body daily produces approximately...
Answer
  • 70kg ATP
  • 60kg ATP
  • 80kg ATP
  • 100kg ATP

Question 41

Question
What % of mitochondrial disorders are due to mtDNA mutations?
Answer
  • 10
  • 15
  • 20
  • 25

Question 42

Question
Which of the following statements regarding mtDNA is false?
Answer
  • Contains no introns
  • Contains a repair mechanism
  • Contains no repeats
  • Double stranded, circular

Question 43

Question
Which of the following can't be used for mitochondrial disease diagnosis
Answer
  • Maternal family history
  • Blood/CSF/Urine tests
  • Imaging Techniques
  • Paternal family history

Question 44

Question
Which mitochondrial disease has a very early onset of symptoms?
Answer
  • Leigh Syndrome
  • Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
  • MELAS
  • Ophthalmoplegia

Question 45

Question
Which disorder is associated with "Ragged Red Fibers"
Answer
  • MERRF
  • NARP
  • MELAS
  • Pearson syndrome

Question 46

Question
Which of the following is not a radical?
Answer
  • Hydrogen peroxide
  • Hypoclorite
  • Singlet oxygen
  • Peroxynitrite

Question 47

Question
Which is the most reactive intermediate?
Answer
  • Hydroxyl radicals
  • Superoxide
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Peroxynitrite

Question 48

Question
Which is the least reactive intermediate?
Answer
  • Hydrogen peroxide
  • Hydroxyl radicals
  • Superoxide
  • Peroxynitrite

Question 49

Question
Which is not a source of superoxide?
Answer
  • Enzymatic
  • Toxic compounds
  • Ionising Radiation
  • UV light

Question 50

Question
What enzyme is used to detoxify hydrogen peroxide?
Answer
  • Catalase
  • Superoxide dismutase
  • Hydrogen peroxidase
  • Hydrogen dismutase

Question 51

Question
(From Textbook) The production of antibodies in response to a foreign molecule is referred to as
Answer
  • a cellular immune response
  • a humoral immune response
  • an autoimmune response

Question 52

Question
(From textbook) An epitope is
Answer
  • the portion of an antibody which recognizes an antigen.
  • the protein of an antigen recognized by an antibody.
  • an internal signal in the B-lymphocytes initiating the production of antibodies.

Question 53

Question
(From textbook) The treatment of immunoglobulin G with papain results in the production of two types of fragments. Which of the following correctly relates these fragments to antigen binding?
Answer
  • The Fab fragment is capable of binding antigen but the Fc fragment is not.
  • The Fab fragment can bind antigen only in the presence of the Fc fragment.
  • The proteolytic action of papain abolishes the ability of the antibody fragments to bind antigen.

Question 54

Question
(From textbook) The immunoglobulin G molecule is composed of two heavy (H) and two light (L) chains. Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between these two types of chains and the Fab and Fc fragments?
Answer
  • The L chains are present only in the Fab fragment
  • The Fc fragment contains parts of both the H and L chains
  • Disulfide bonds linking H and L chains are found in both Fab and Fc fragments.

Question 55

Question
(From textbook) Hypervariable loops of the Fab portion of antibody molecules are involved in antigen binding. The amino acids forming these loops
Answer
  • come from the L chain only.
  • come from the H chain only.
  • come from both the H and L chains.

Question 56

Question
(From textbook) Genes for specific immunoglobulins are the product of rearrangement and linkage of V (variable) and C (constant) genes in the differentiation of lymphocytes. How does this process differ for the H and L chains?
Answer
  • J (joining) genes are used to link V and C genes in construction of genes for L chains but not H chains.
  • D (diversity) genes are used in place of J genes in construction of genes for H chains.
  • D (diversity) genes are used in conjunction with J genes in construction of genes for H chains.

Question 57

Question
(From textbook) T-cells scan the surface of cells and kill those that exhibit foreign markings. The form in which such cells are marked is
Answer
  • by proteins from intracellular pathogens being secreted by the target cells
  • by proteolytic products of intracellular pathogens being released from the target cells
  • by proteolytic products of intracellular pathogens being presented on the surface of the cells bound to the major histocompatibility complex.

Question 58

Question
(From textbook) Helper T cells also recognize foreign peptides displayed on the surface of cells in a complex with Class II MHC proteins. These peptides are the result of
Answer
  • degradation of an internal pathogen located in the cytosol.
  • degradation of proteins internalized by endocytosis.
  • foreign proteins being degraded by extracellular proteases

Question 59

Question
(From textbook) The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) responsible for acquired autoimmune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) subverts the immune system by destroying what type of cell?
Answer
  • B-lymphocytes
  • killer T cells
  • helper T cells

Question 60

Question
(From textbook) Thymocytes are produced in the bone marrow and converted to T cells in the thymus. Which of the following is NOT a selective process involved in this conversion?
Answer
  • Positive selection to assure that only T cells that bind MHC proteins will survive.
  • Negative selection to assure that T cells that bind MHC proteins too tightly will be destroyed.
  • Selection to assure that T cells bind to MHC proteins only in the presence of foreign peptides.
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