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Important Infectious Diseases of North American Wild Mammals

Description

Lecture 3, VMRCVM Wildlife Medicine class, c/o 2016.
voakes
Quiz by voakes, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by voakes about 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which of the following are the three biggest reservoir species for Rabies in VA?
Answer
  • Bats
  • Raccoons
  • Foxes
  • Skunks
  • Rodents
  • Domestic animals

Question 2

Question
Identifying the Rabies serotype variants can be important in terms of:
Answer
  • Vaccine protocol, as the rabies vaccines are not cross-protective.
  • Treatment protocol, as some variants are curable while the others are invariable fatal.
  • Investigating the source of human exposure.
  • All of the above.

Question 3

Question
The incubation period of rabies is:
Answer
  • 1-3 days
  • 1-3 months
  • 1-3 hours
  • 1-5 days

Question 4

Question
Diagnosis of rabies is achieved via: (select all that apply)
Answer
  • Histopathology identifying the presence of Negri bodies in neurons
  • An ELISA test looking for serum antibodies
  • Clinical signs alone, as these are pathognomonic for rabies
  • Fluorescent antibody tests

Question 5

Question
______ appear refractory to the oral vaccines administered to wildlife.
Answer
  • Raccoons
  • Skunks
  • Bats
  • Foxes

Question 6

Question
Canine distemper is caused by:
Answer
  • A rhabdovirus
  • A morbilivirus from the family Paramyxoviridae
  • Exposure to periods of extreme heat or cold
  • A combined infection with Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida

Question 7

Question
Canine distemper is an important disease for grey foxes more than it is for red foxes.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
For a raccoon that is out in the middle of the day, you're number one diagnosis would be _____, and your number 2 diagnosis would be _____
Answer
  • Rabies; Sarcoptic Mange
  • Rabies; Canine Distemper
  • Canine Distemper; Rabies
  • Sarcoptic Mange; Rabies

Question 9

Question
There are 4 major body systems associated with canine distemper. Which are they?
Answer
  • Reproductive
  • Respiratory
  • GI
  • Urinary
  • Nervous system
  • Skin

Question 10

Question
Which of the following is true regarding the pathogenesis of canine distemper? Select all that apply.
Answer
  • The incubation period is 14-18 days
  • The incubation period is 6-8 months
  • The virus replicates in respiratory lymphatic tissue
  • The virus replicates in peripheral axons of the PNS
  • Spread to other tissues is often through the lymphatic channels
  • Spread to other tissues is often hematogenous

Question 11

Question
Like rabies, vaccination protocols for canine distemper in wildlife consist of dropping baits laced with oral vaccine in highly prevalent areas.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
Like distemper, sarcoptic mange generally affects grey foxes moreso than red foxes.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
Diagnosis of sarcoptic mange can be made via: (select all that apply)
Answer
  • The classic signs of alopecia, flaky fetid material in fur, and thickening of the skin, which may not be pathognomonic but are highly suggestive
  • Visualization of morulae on peripheral blood smears
  • Visualization of the Sarcoptes scabiei on skin scrapings
  • Heavy profliferation of foot pad skin is pathognomonic for mange

Question 14

Question
The serotypes capable of causing hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer include: (select all that apply)
Answer
  • BT2
  • BT10
  • BT11
  • BT13
  • BT17

Question 15

Question
Hemorrhagic disease occurs most often during late summer to early fall. This is due mostly to
Answer
  • Breeding season, which increases contact time for infected deer.
  • Food competition, which increases contact time for infected deer.
  • This is the life span of the culicoides species that transmits the disease.
  • None of the above are correct.

Question 16

Question
Hemorrhagic disease is the most problematic disease of white-tailed deer.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
This clinical finding would lead you to suspect hemorrhagic disease above any other:
Answer
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Hemorrhage at the base of the pulmonary artery
  • Edema of the head, neck, tongue, and conjunctiva
  • Oral cyanosis

Question 18

Question
Wild carnivores are generally infected by tuberculosis following which of the general routes of "spillover"?
Answer
  • Cattle -> wild deer -> carnivores
  • Wild deer -> cattle -> culicoides -> carnivores
  • Cattle -> wild deer -> culicoides -> carnivores
  • None of the above, carnivores are naturally infected with tuberculosis.
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