C3.2 - Everything in the Specification

Description

A quick quiz on everything outlined in the C3.2 specification.
Harry Woodhall
Quiz by Harry Woodhall, updated more than 1 year ago
Harry Woodhall
Created by Harry Woodhall about 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
[blank_start]Soft[blank_end] water forms a [blank_start]lather[blank_end] with soap; [blank_start]hard[blank_end] water reacts to form [blank_start]scum[blank_end] with soap and so more soap is needed to form a [blank_start]lather[blank_end]. This makes using [blank_start]hard[blank_end] water moves [blank_start]expensive[blank_end].
Answer
  • Soft
  • lather
  • hard
  • scum
  • lather
  • hard
  • expensive

Question 2

Question
What are the two ions in hard water that react with soap to form scum?
Answer
  • Calcium and magnesium ions.
  • Calcium and hydrogen ions.
  • Hydrogen and magnesium ions.
  • Magnesium and sulphur ions.
  • Calcium and sulphur ions.

Question 3

Question
[blank_start]Hard[blank_end] water, when [blank_start]heated[blank_end], also forms [blank_start]scale[blank_end] on the insides of pipes, boilers and [blank_start]kettles[blank_end]. A build-up of scale reduces the [blank_start]efficiency[blank_end] of heating systems, and so using [blank_start]hard[blank_end] water is more [blank_start]expensive[blank_end].
Answer
  • Hard
  • heated
  • scale
  • kettles
  • efficiency
  • hard
  • expensive

Question 4

Question
[blank_start]Hard[blank_end] water, when [blank_start]heated[blank_end], also forms [blank_start]scale[blank_end] on the insides of pipes, boilers and [blank_start]kettles[blank_end]. A build-up of [blank_start]scale[blank_end] reduces the efficiency of [blank_start]heating[blank_end] systems because the [blank_start]scale[blank_end] is a [blank_start]thermal[blank_end] insulator. For example, a kettle with [blank_start]scale[blank_end] on the heating element takes longer to boil, and so using [blank_start]hard[blank_end] water is more [blank_start]expensive[blank_end].
Answer
  • Hard
  • heated
  • scale
  • scale
  • scale
  • scale
  • thermal
  • kettles
  • heating
  • hard
  • expensive

Question 5

Question
What is the main compound that forms scale?
Answer
  • Calcium carbonate.
  • Magnesium carbonate.
  • Copper carbonate.
  • Hydrogen flouride.
  • Sodium fluoride.
  • Ammonia.
  • Calcium sulphate.

Question 6

Question
Give two benefits of hard water.
Answer
  • The calcium ions in hard water are good for the development and maintenance of teeth and bones.
  • The calcium ions in hard water help to reduce heart disease.
  • The calcium ions in hard water help to reinforce tissue.
  • The calcium ions in hard water help to strengthen the arteries in the circulatory system.
  • The magnesium ions in hard water help absorb nutrients from the bloodstream.
  • The magnesium ions in hard water help absorb nutrients from the digestive system.
  • The magnesium ions in hard water help to reduce heart disease.

Question 7

Question
There are two kinds of water hardness - [blank_start]temporary[blank_end] and [blank_start]permanent[blank_end]. [blank_start]Temporary[blank_end] hardness is caused by the [blank_start]hydrogencarbonate[blank_end] ion, HCO₃. [blank_start]Permanent[blank_end] hardness is caused by dissolved [blank_start]calcium[blank_end] [blank_start]sulphate[blank_end], CaSO₄.
Answer
  • temporary
  • permanent
  • Temporary
  • Permanent
  • hydrogencarbonate
  • sulphate
  • calcium

Question 8

Question
Which of the following water softening methods only apply to temporary hard water?
Answer
  • Using an ion exchanger.
  • Using washing soda.
  • Boiling the water.

Question 9

Question
Fill in the blanks to complete the following passages about how hard water can be made soft. METHOD 1 - [blank_start]Temporary[blank_end] hardness can be removed by [blank_start]boiling[blank_end]. When heated, the calcium [blank_start]hydrogencarbonate[blank_end] decomposes to form calcium [blank_start]carbonate[blank_end], which is the [blank_start]scale[blank_end] that affects heating systems. This method does not apply to [blank_start]permanent[blank_end] hard water. METHOD 2 - Both types of hardness can be removed by adding [blank_start]washing[blank_end] [blank_start]soda[blank_end] ([blank_start]sodium[blank_end] [blank_start]carbonate[blank_end], or Na₂CO₃) to the water. The [blank_start]carbonate[blank_end] reacts with the calcium and [blank_start]magnesium[blank_end] ions to form an [blank_start]insoluble[blank_end] precipitate of calcium [blank_start]carbonate[blank_end] and magnesium [blank_start]carbonate[blank_end]. The ions are no longer [blank_start]dissolved[blank_end] in the water, so they are unable to make it hard. METHOD 3 - Both types of hardness can be removed by running the hard water through '[blank_start]ion[blank_end] [blank_start]exchange[blank_end]' columns. The columns have lots of [blank_start]sodium[blank_end] (or hydrogen) ions, and '[blank_start]exchange[blank_end]' them for calcium or [blank_start]magnesium[blank_end] ions in the water.
Answer
  • Temporary
  • boiling
  • hydrogencarbonate
  • carbonate
  • scale
  • permanent
  • washing
  • soda
  • sodium
  • carbonate
  • carbonate
  • magnesium
  • insoluble
  • carbonate
  • carbonate
  • dissolved
  • ion
  • exchange
  • sodium
  • exchange
  • magnesium
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