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Medical Microbiology-UTIs

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undergraduate second year Biomedical science 2nd year (Medical Microbiology) Quiz on Medical Microbiology-UTIs, created by Idont Evencare on 14/04/2017.
Idont Evencare
Quiz by Idont Evencare, updated more than 1 year ago
Idont Evencare
Created by Idont Evencare about 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
How many women have a recurrent UTi at some point in their life
Answer
  • 20-30%
  • 10%
  • 78%
  • 5%
  • 45-55%

Question 2

Question
Urinary tract is in women the most common site of what kind of infection
Answer
  • bacterial
  • parasitic
  • fungal
  • viral

Question 3

Question
UTIs are a significant cause of mortility
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
Majority of UTIs are
Answer
  • acute
  • short lived
  • chronic
  • fatal
  • asymptomatic

Question 5

Question
What is the usual route of bacterial infection in UTIs?
Answer
  • minor calyx - major calyx - ureter
  • urethra - bladder
  • urethra - ureter - bladder
  • isthmus of utherus - fundus of utherus - bladder
  • bladder - kidneys
  • utherus - bladder - kidneys

Question 6

Question
Septicaemia occurs when
Answer
  • There is a low concentraion of bacteria in the blood
  • Bacteria from the urinary tract invade bloodstream
  • The blood is sterile
  • Bacteria infect the kidneys, resulting in an inflammation
  • There is bacterial infection, in any organ of the body

Question 7

Question
Pylonephritis occuring without bladder infection is
Answer
  • called heamatogenous spread
  • rare
  • not possible
  • common
  • called cystitis

Question 8

Question
Nosocomial is another word for community acquired infection
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
Enterobacteriacaea
Answer
  • are gram negative bacteria
  • are gram positive bacteria
  • include E. coli
  • include Staph aureus
  • most common cause of UTIs
  • common in hospital acquired UTIs, but not so in community acquired

Question 10

Question
Hospital acquired UTIs are commonly a result of
Answer
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Klebsiella
  • Enterobacter
  • Citrobacter
  • Pseudomonas putida
  • Proteus
  • Salmonella typhi
  • Corynebacterium
  • Streptococcus
  • Yersenia pestis

Question 11

Question
Amongst gram positive bacteria causing UTIs belong
Answer
  • Staphylococcus saprophyticus
  • Enterococcus
  • E. coli
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Klebsiella
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Staphylococcus epidermis
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 12

Question
Most common gram positive bacteria in UTIs is
Answer
  • Staphylococcu saprophyticus
  • Staphylococcus epidermis
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Enterococcus faecium
  • Staphylococcus auricularis
  • Escherichia coli

Question 13

Question
Immunodeficient patients (unlike other patients) with UTI are often found to be infected with
Answer
  • Enterococcus
  • Staphylococcus epidermis
  • Salmonella typhi
  • Klebssiella

Question 14

Question
Common bacteria causing UTI by heamatogenous spread are
Answer
  • Staphylococcus epidermis
  • Salmonella typhi
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Staphylococcus saprophyticus
  • Citrobacter

Question 15

Question
Select the bacteria you would expect to be present in the following cases: Nosocomal UTI patient with an immunodeficiency: [blank_start]Staphylococcus epidermis[blank_end] UTI acqured by a heamatogenous spread: [blank_start]Staphylococcus aureus[blank_end] Gram positive hospital acquired UTI: [blank_start]Staphylococcus saprophyticus[blank_end] Most common to cause an UTI: [blank_start]E. coli[blank_end]
Answer
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Staphylococcus epidermis
  • Staphylococcus saprophyticus
  • E. coli
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 16

Question
Select a correct statement about community acquired UTI:
Answer
  • 80% of cases are caused by E. coli
  • 40% of cases are caused by E. coli
  • most commonly caused as a cosequence of catheter insertion
  • 60% is caused by gram negative bacteria
  • 60% is caused by gram positive bacteria

Question 17

Question
What are the symptoms of UTI?
Answer
  • microturition
  • macrourination
  • dysuria
  • urgency
  • lack of need to pass urine
  • itching
  • angular stomatitis
  • pallor

Question 18

Question
Match the correct definitions: [blank_start]Pyuria[blank_end] - Cloudy urine due to the presence of pus cells [blank_start]Bacteriuria[blank_end] - Cloudy urine due to the presenece of bacteria [blank_start]Haematuria[blank_end] - Presence of blood in the urine [blank_start]Dysuria[blank_end] - A burning pain on passing urine [blank_start]Pylonephritis[blank_end] - Infection of the kidney
Answer
  • Pyuria
  • Bacteriuria
  • Septicaemia
  • Haematuria
  • Haemolysis
  • Biliverdinea
  • Dysuria
  • Anuria
  • Pyelonephritis
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • bacteraemia

Question 19

Question
Which of the following are symptoms pf pyelonephritis
Answer
  • symptoms of lower UTIs
  • back pain
  • easy bruising
  • keratitis
  • malnutrition
  • fever

Question 20

Question
Which of the following statements about pyelonephritis are correct
Answer
  • it is often caused by staphylococci
  • if recurrent can cause severe kidney damage
  • if recurrent can cause irreversible bladder damage
  • it is infection of the bladder
  • renal abscesses are usually absent
  • it is also called upper urinary tract infection
  • is more severe than lower UTI

Question 21

Question
Who is at risk of aymptomatic UTI
Answer
  • young adults
  • pregnant women
  • immunodeficient patients
  • diabetic patients
  • patients with Duchenne muscular dystophy
  • children and elderly
  • 30 year old men

Question 22

Question
Asymptomatic UTI can only be detected by laboratory screenings
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Bacteriuria can proceed into bacteraemia
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
At what bacterial concentraion is bacteriuria considered significant
Answer
  • >10^5 organisms/mL
  • <10^5 organisms/mL
  • >10^9 organisms/mL
  • >10^4 organisms/mL
  • <10^4 organisms/mL
  • 10^6 - 10^9 organisms/mL

Question 25

Question
How can infection be distinguished from contamination?
Answer
  • by quantative culture methods
  • by modern PCR
  • good specimens will always contain periurethral flora
  • infected urine usually contains only one species
  • threshold for contaminated specimen is >5 species
  • contaminated specimen would contain <10^4 organisms/mL
  • infected specimen wowuld contain >10^3 organisms/mL

Question 26

Question
Urinary tract is normally sterile
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
Low bacterial counts are always insignificant
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
How can urine samples be collected?
Answer
  • Suprapubic aspiration
  • Nephrostomy tubes
  • Nasopharyngeal aspirates
  • Excision
  • First stream urine
  • Midstream urine
  • Lumbar puncture

Question 29

Question
Presence if WBC in urine is
Answer
  • always indicative of UTI
  • abnormal
  • normal
  • an indicative of contamination
  • can form urinary casts
  • indicative of infection if at concentraion >10/mL

Question 30

Question
Sterile pyuria could indicate
Answer
  • antibiotic therapy
  • nothing, it´s not possible
  • infection by organisms not detectable by conventional techniques (e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea)
  • infection by organisms not detectable by conventional techniques (e.g. Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Salmonella typhi, E. coli)
  • diseases not caused by bacteria (e.g. renal canaliculli, neoplasms)
  • viral UTI

Question 31

Question
Culture is performed
Answer
  • after microscopy
  • prior to microscopy
  • when UTI is suspected
  • to establish whether or not UTI is to be suspected
  • to identify the organism
  • to count the bacteria

Question 32

Question
Which of the following statements about agar cultures are correct:
Answer
  • mixed growth is indicative of contamination
  • bacteria can be identified by the colour which is a result of sugar fermentation
  • bacteria are idedntified by the time they take to grow to 1mm thickness
  • bacteria can be identified by the colour which is a result of toxin release
  • sensitivity plates are set up after culture is performed
  • culture plates are usually completed within 24 hours

Question 33

Question
What is the routine treatment for UTI?
Answer
  • Amoxicillin; if patients are allergic to penicillin
  • Amoxicillin
  • Ciprofloxacin; if patients are allergic to penicillin
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Oritavancin
  • Oritavancin combined with Vancomycin
  • Cefoxitin; if patients are allergic to penicilin
  • Cefoxitin

Question 34

Question
Which statements about microorganisms causing UTIs are correct
Answer
  • viruses cause significant UTIs
  • E. coli is the predominant pathogen
  • they are usually of endogenous origin
  • community acquired UTIs are commonly caused by multiple-resistant gram negative bacteria
  • they cause an UTI via blood

Question 35

Question
Which statements about tretment of UTIs are correct
Answer
  • oral antibiotcs are not effective for lower UTI
  • lower UTIs are usually short lived
  • upper UTIs are usually short lived
  • upper UTIs often require systemic administration of drugs
  • antibiotics must be administred intramuscularly
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