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PSY1011 Exam
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Questions in this quiz (60)
1The "aha!" experience is known as ________.
- Alatent learning
- Binsight learning
- Ccognitive restructuting
- DS-O-R learning
2Which of the following statements regarding conditioned taste aversions is true?
- AThe delay between the CS and UCS in a conditioned tasted aversion can be as long as six or even eight hours.
- BConditioned taste aversions tend to be remarkably general, where an entire type of food will be found distasteful even after only one specific food causes an illness.
- CConditioned taste aversions can be induced in human beings, but not in lower animals.
- DRepeated pairings between the CS and UCS are needed in order to establish a conditioned taste aversion.
3The research into the usefulness of considering an individual's learning style has found which of the following?
- AThe visual learning style is most predictive of academic success.
- BPeople who have kinesthetic learning styles are less likely to do well in a classroom than people with visual or auditory learning styles.
- CCertain teaching approaches tend to be the most effective irrespective of individual learning styles.
- DPeople who have a read/write learning style tend to have higher "analytic intelligence", which in turn predicts more academic success at the college level.
4Studies of latent learning emphasise the importance of ________ on learning.
- Aexperience
- Breinforcement
- Cpunishment
- Dcognitive processes
5You wake up at 3.00 am craving a glass of water. You get out of bed and walk to the kitchen but you do not turn on the light. Your ability to successfully navigate the house in the dark is due to the presence of ________.
- Ainsight learning
- Bvicarious learning
- Ca cognitive map
- Dsleep learning
6Which type of neuron becomes active when we engage in observational learning?
- Amirror neuron
- Breceiving neuron
- Cmotor neuron
- Dsensory neuron
7Who is best known for studying the phenomenon of insight in animals?
- ASeligman
- BBandura
- CTolman
- DKohler
8Which of the following terms refers to the fact that animals and human beings may be evolutionarily predisposed to fear certain stimuli that threaten their survival?
- Apreparedness
- Bconstruct survival
- Cemotional aversions
- Dinstinctive drift
9What does SALTT stand for?
- ASymbiotic Approach to Learning Tactile Techniques
- BSuggestive Accelerative Learning and Teaching Techniques
- CSupplemental Administrative Learning and Teaching Tools
- DShared Authority for Learning Times Tables
10Sarah has recently learned that the sun does not go up and down each day, but that it is the Earth that moves. The fact that Sarah visualises the Earth moving up and down next to the sun each day (rather than orbiting the sun on its axis) demonstrates which Piagetian developmental task?
- Aconservation
- Baccomodation
- Cassimilation
- Dequilibriation
11Julie is expected to cut the lawn weekly. Her parents only give her money once in a while after she cuts the lawn. Julie is being conditioned using a ________ schedule of reinforcement.
- Apartial
- Bvariable ratio
- Cfixed ratio
- Dcontinuous
12In S-O-R learning, what does the "O" stand for?
- Aobservation
- Borganism
- Cobfuscation
- Doperant
13________ was the first person to describe learning as acquired through classical conditioning while studying the digestive process of dogs.
- AJohn Watson
- BAlbert Bandura
- CIvan Pavlov
- DB. F. Skinner
14Pavlov conditioned a dog to salivate at a metronome sound that was paired with a meat stimulus. After the CS—UCS linkage was strongly established, Pavlov then presented the dog with several flashes of a light followed by the metronome sound. After a few days, when the light flashes were presented by themselves, the dog salivated. This is an example of ________.
- Ageneralisation
- Boperant conditioning
- Chigher-order conditioning
- Dneoclassical conditioning
15A reinforcer is a consequence that ________ a behaviour, while a punisher is a consequence that ________ a behaviour.
- Astrengthens; weakens
- Binhibits; motivates
- Cweakens; strengthens
- Dmotivates; stimulates
16An animal trainer is trying to teach a lion to perform tricks for circus. First the lion is given food if he sits quietly on a chair. Next the lion is given food if he raises one paw. Finally the lion is given even more food if he gives the trainer a "high-five". In this example, the lion is being trained by ________.
- Anegative reinforcement
- Bshaping
- Cpunishment
- Dgeneralisation
17The kind of learning that applies to voluntary behaviour is called ________.
- Adiscovery learning
- Beffective based learning
- Coperant conditioning
- Dclassical conditioning
18Young Albert is initially not afraid of white rats, but if white rats and loud noises are presented in sequence, Albert may learn to fear the rats. In this example, white rats would be the
- ACR
- BUCR
- CUCS
- DCS
19Which of the following is true concerning intermittent schedules of reinforcement?
- AAll combinations of intermittent schedules yield similar rates of responding.
- BInterval schedules yield higher rates of responding as compared to ratio schedules.
- CRatio schedules yield higher rates of responding as compared to interval schedules.
- DFixed schedules yield higher rates of responding as compared to variable schedules.
20Which of the following statements pertaining to the conditioned response is accurate?
- AThe conditioned response is a reflex.
- BThe conditioned response is an instinctual behaviour.
- CThe conditioned response is elicited by the unconditioned stimulus.
- DThe conditioned response is elicited by the conditioned stimulus.
21What method of personality assessment is considered the most controversial in psychology today?
- AStructured personality tests
- BProjective tests
- CPolygraph tests
- DGraphology
22One concern with the use of structured personality tests, like the MMPI, is that certain questions do not appear to be relevant to the psychological dimensions they supposedly measure. A psychologist would say such questions have a low degree of ________.
- Aface validity
- Binternal consistency reliability
- Ccontent validity
- Dinter-rater reliability
23According to your textbook, criminal profilers are
- Ano more accurate and insightful than college students with no training in criminology.
- Bmore accurate and insightful than college students, but not any more accurate than clinical psychologists in their judgements.
- Cmuch more accurate and insightful than college students with no training in criminology.
- Dless accurate and insightful than both college students and clinical psychologists in their judgements.
24The Luscher Colour Test, a popular projective test, is
- Anot useful at all for assessing personalities.
- Bactually harmful to those who take it.
- Cuseful for predicting future behaviours.
- Duseful for predicting personality traits.
25Tests consisting of ambiguous stimuli that examinees must interpret are called ________.
- Astructured personality tests
- Bface validity
- Cprojective tests
- DRorschach tests
26The ________ is the most extensively researched of all structured personality tests.
- ATAT
- BNEO
- CRorschach
- DMMPI
27Many people believe in the validity of activities like palmistry, tarot card reading, and astrology. The evidence to support the usefulness of these activities as anything other than entertainment is virtually non-existent. This reminds you to consider which principle of critical thinking the next time you are at a carnival with a mind reader or a fortune teller?
- Areplicability
- Bextraordinary claims
- Cfalsifiability
- Druling out rival hypotheses
28When Kate read her horoscope for the day, she was amazed to find that it described her very well. She is probably a victim of
- Aself-actualisation.
- Bsocial desirability bias.
- Cmental set bias.
- Dthe P.T. Barnum effect.
29Quentin is suffering from a disorder that causes him to have problems recognising everyday objects. The other day he was looking at a wine glass and couldn't come up with its name. He said to his wife, "I want one of those things that you hold the wine in", but try as he did, he could not find the word "glass". This demonstrates a form of visual ________.
- Aaphasia
- Bataxia
- Capraxia
- Dagnosia
30According to the opponent process theory of colour vision, the correct pairings of opposite colours are ________.
- Ablack versus white, red versus green, and blue versus yellow
- Bgreyscales, blue versus red, and green versus yellow
- Cblack versus gray and white versus coloured
- Dblue versus green and red versus yellow
31Brightness refers to the intensity of light. The corresponding term when discussing sound is
- Ahue
- Bpitch
- Cloudness
- Dtimbre
32The bony, spiral-shaped sense organ used for hearing is the
- Apinna
- Bbasilar membrane
- Ctimbre
- Dcochlea
33The part of the ear we see is called the
- Apinna
- Bossicle
- Ctympanic membrane
- Dcochlea
34One theory of pitch perception is the ________ theory, which suggests that the rate at which neurons in the ear fire produces different pitches. This theory is particularly effective at explaining humans' perception of lower pitches.
- Aplace
- Bopponent-process
- Cfrequency
- Dvolley
35A whistle that gives a sound so high that it can only be heard by dogs, but not humans, exploits which aspect of the auditory system?
- Adecibels
- Btimbre
- Cpitch
- Dloudness
36Pete has played lead guitar in a rock band for years. He would often turn the volume on his guitar up loud and spend a great deal of time in front of the speakers during the shows. His resulting hearing loss over the past few years is most likely the result of
- Anoise-induced hearing loss
- Bnerve deafness
- Ctinnitus
- Dconductive deafness
37The complexity or quality of sound that makes instruments, voices, and other sources of sound unique is called
- Aacuity
- Baudition
- Cwavelength
- Dtimbre
38Research exploring infantile temperament has found that there are generally three different temperaments. They are
- Asecure, insecure, and disorganised.
- Banxious, responsive, and relaxed.
- Ceasy, difficult, and slow-to-warm-up.
- Dsensorimotor, preoperational, and operational.
39According to Kohlberg, behaviour motivated by the avoidance of punishment and the gaining of rewards represents ________ morality.
- Aformal conventional
- Bconventional
- Cpreconventional
- Dpostconventional
40Young Jamal is asked whether it is right for a police officer to give a speeding ticket to a man who is driving his daughter to the hospital after a serious injury that left her with several broken bones. Which of the following answers would demonstrate the postconventional level of moral reasoning in Jamal?
- A"Speeding is breaking the rules, and when you break the rules, you deserve to be punished."
- B"Everyone speeds and he has a good reason, so he shouldn't get a ticket."
- C"He broke the rules. He should get a ticket, but should have to pay less than someone who was speeding for no good reason."
- D"The man was trying to get his daughter to help, and he wasn't hurting anyone. As long as he doesn't normally speed, he should be let off with a warning."
41Sixteen-year old Brenda's parents are political conservatives, while she identifies more with liberal political views. When asked her political orientation, Brenda seems uncertain and does not respond. Brenda is dealing with the ________ crisis.
- Aindustry versus inferiority
- Bidentity versus role confusion
- Cego integrity versus despair
- Dautonomy versus shame and doubt
42Bertram is a surly child who can't bear to be alone, yet he has few friends because he has little self-control. Even the children he prefers to be with, who are much younger than he is, get frustrated with his impulsiveness. His parents are probably of the ________ type.
- Aauthoritarian
- Bpermissive
- Cauthoritative
- Duninvolved
43An individual's ability to handle their given roles in society is called their ________ age, and it may be a better indicator of that person's readiness to retire from work then chronological age.
- Asocial
- Bbiological
- Cfunctional
- Dpsychological
44Which one of the following children would most likely be described as "independent"?
- AJeremiah, who has a disorganised attachment to his mother
- BJames, who has an insecure-avoidant attachment to his mother
- CJerome, who has a secure attachment to his mother
- DJesse, who has an insecure-anxious attachment to his mother
45Which of the following is not one of the dimensions of the Big Five?
- Aextraversion
- Bsociability
- Copenness to experience
- Dconscientiousness
46Jayne is a 26-month-old toddler. She is most likely in the ________ stage.
- Aanal
- Bgenital
- Coral
- Dphallic
47Most of the neo-Freudians agreed with Freud's ideas on
- Athe unconscious influences on behaviour.
- Bour inborn, basic destructive impulses.
- Cthe important roles of sexuality and aggression in personality development.
- Dthe importance of later adult experiences influencing personality development.
48According to the humanists, a core motive in human personality development was
- Aresolving internal motivational conflict.
- Bself-actualisation
- Cconditional acceptance.
- Dachieving desired behavioural contingencies.
49Justin is working on his psychology assignment for class when he gets a phone call inviting him to a party. His decision to finish the assignment before going to the party reflects the functioning of the ________.
- Aconscious
- Bid
- Csuperego
- Dego
50The role of reciprocal determinism was highlighted by the ________.
- Asocial learning theorists
- Btrait theorists
- Cbehaviourists
- Dhumanists
51A ________ is a specialised cell responsible for converting external stimuli into neural activity for a specific sensory system.
- Aselective attention
- Bsense receptor
- Ccell sensor
- Dsensory adaptation
52Jordan and her friends are in the front row for a rock concert. During the concert, the lead singer moves all around the stage but Jordan continues to perceive him as the same height even though the image received in her eye and brain constantly changes. This illustrates which type of perceptual constancy?
- ALocation constancy
- BSize constancy
- CShape constancy
- DColour constancy
53Which of the following is the best example of the signal-to-noise ratio?
- ABobby is shouting at the neighbour's dog that is digging up his yard.
- BRobyn has to shout over the boisterous crowd at the football game to be heard
- CWhile listening to the television, Kate is also reading her textbook.
- DLisa has to listen very carefully to hear her friend talking in the car.
54Jan can see objects well up close, but they appear blurry from afar. She is probably
- Afarsighted
- Bdeveloping a cataract
- Ccolour blind
- Dnearsighted
55A blind spot is a part of the visual field we can't see, where the ________ connects to the ________.
- Aoptic nerve; sclera
- Bcornea; iris
- Coptic nerve; retina
- Dretina; pupil
56When Bill looks at his lamp alternately with his left eye and right eye, the image seems to jump from one position to another. This phenomenon illustrates ________.
- Adivergence
- Binterposition
- Cconvergence
- Dbinocular disparity
57As the number of people talking in a room increases, the stimulus intensity needed to detect a change in the number of people talking becomes
- Asame
- Bfiner
- Cgreater
- Dsmaller
58The white part of the eye is the
- Asclera
- Bretina
- Cfovea
- Dpupil
59Stanton is taking chemistry with Ms Neville and has heard many negative stories about her class from his friends. The fact that his beliefs about Ms Neville affect his interpretation of his interactions with her during the school year is an example of
- Atop-down processing
- Bsubliminal processing.
- Cparallel processing.
- Dbottom-up processing.
60Functionalism seeks to explain
- AThe building blocks of psychological experience
- BWhat people are thinking as they complete various tasks
- CThe evolutionary advantages certain behaviours can provide
- DHow physical advantages further evolution
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