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Software Quality and Testing midterm 2015
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Questions in this quiz (40)
1The laws of software evolution by Belady and Lehman can be paraphrased as:
- ADue to evolution, chaos theory applies to software systems, which explains why a small change
can have drastic effects. - BThrough principled design, controlled software evolution is possible.
- CContinuing change is facilitated by a decrease in entropy.
- DThe mess in a software system will increase over time, unless you do something about it.
- ADue to evolution, chaos theory applies to software systems, which explains why a small change
2In what way do the Mockito methods verify and when...then improve controllability and
observability?- AThe verify methods only improve observability, and the when...then methods only improve
controllability - BThe when...then method improves both observability as well as controllability, but the
verify method only improves observability. - CThe verify and when...then both improve observability as well as controllability
- DThe verify methods only improve controllability, and the when...then methods only improve
observability.
- AThe verify methods only improve observability, and the when...then methods only improve
3Immediately after launch, the US site healthcare.gov (also known as “ObamaCare”) was
plagued by problems. Which of the following test principles is most helpful when trying to explain these
problems?- AThe absence-of-errors fallacy.
- BImportance of early testing.
- CTesting is context dependent.
- DPesticide paradox
4One of the following statements about code analysis tools such as Checkstyle is not correct.
Which one is it?- AWhenever Checkstyle warns about a code fragment, that fragment must be adjusted to fix this.
- BCheckstyle rule preferences may differ per team, and should be set on a per project basis.
- CAutomated Checkstyle analysis should be conducted before a manual code review.
- DCheckstyle is best used from an IDE such as Eclipse, as well as on the continuous integration
server
5Which of these is a functional test?
- AChecking how easy the system is to use
- BMeasuring response time on an on-line booking system.
- CChecking the on-line bookings screen information and the database contents against the information
on the letter to the customers. - DChecking the effect of high volumes of traffic in a call-center system.
6What is the purpose of confirmation testing?
- ATo confirm that no unexpected changes have been introduced or uncovered as a result of
changes made. - BTo confirm that the detailed logic of a component conforms to its specification
- CTo confirm that a defect has been fixed correctly.
- DTo confirm the users’ confidence that the system will meet their business needs.
- ATo confirm that no unexpected changes have been introduced or uncovered as a result of
7To test the method in Figure 1, what would be the best use of mock objects?
https://www.dropbox.com/s/6we84xk3xg0ulqp/SQTMidtermFig1.PNG?dl=0- AThe use of mocks is not helpful in this case.
- BMock PictureReader to improve observability, and mock HandlerListener to improve controllability.
- CMock PictureReader to improve controllability, and mock HandlerListener to improve observability.
- DMock both PictureReader and HandlerListener to improve controllability as well as observability
8Which of the following statements on one-by-one testing is true?
- AAn out point cannot also be an on point.
- BAn out point can never be an off point.
- CIf the on point is an in point, the off point is an out point.
- DThe in point is included in the set of on points.
9Non-functional testing includes:
- ATesting a system feature using only the software required for that function.
- BTesting the quality attributes of the system including reliability and usability.
- CGaining user approval for the system.
- DTesting to see where the system does not function correctly.
10In an effective software development project, a screen with the commit log shows:
- AFew commits only, since good commit messages are rich in content.
- BCommits that are from different days, since a good commit contains a substantial code change
- CNever more than one or two failing (red) builds right after each other.
- DOnly passing (green) builds.
11If you apply the one by one testing strategy to the condition x >= 100∧y < 200, what are
the off points for x and y?- Ax = 99, and y = 201.
- Bx = 99, and y = 199
- Cx = 101, and y = 199.
- Dx = 101 and y = 201.
12In an efficient and effective testing strategy, testing activities start:
- AAt the first day of the project.
- BAfter the first component has actually been built.
- COnce a solid software architecture has been put in place.
- DOnce all requirements are clearly and unambiguously defined
13According to the testing pyramid philosophy, a balanced software test suite:
- AHas more unit tests than end-to-end tests
- BHas more end-to-end tests than unit tests
- CNone of the other options, since the end-to-end and unit tests are incomparable
- DHas an equal number of end-to-end tests as unit tests
14The primary use of a pull request is:
- ATo request a review so that the changes in a branch once approved can be merged.
- BTo request help with a technical problem.
- CTo trigger an automated build.
- DTo request a fork of a remote repository.
15Which statement best characterizes the two legs of the V-model? The V-model contains:
- AVerification activities at its left leg, and validation activities at its right leg.
- BTest levels at its left leg, and test types at its right leg.
- CSystem decomposition at its left leg, and test levels at its right leg
- DTest conditions at its left leg, and test outcomes at its right leg.
16Which of the following is correct?
- AMistakes, defects, and failures can all be found without executing the program.
- BFinding a mistake requires executing a program.
- CFinding a failure requires executing a program.
- DFinding a defect requires executing a program.
17Test-Driven Development (TDD) as discussed in class distinguishes an inner and outer
feedback loop. What is their role?- AThe outer loop addresses non-functional requirements, where as the inner loop addresses functional
requirements. - BThe outer loop addresses unit testing, and the inner loop addresses refactoring.
- CThe outer loop addresses unit testing, and the inner loop functional (acceptance) testing
- DThe outer loop addresses functional (acceptance) testing, and the inner loop unit testing
- AThe outer loop addresses non-functional requirements, where as the inner loop addresses functional
18What is the key reason the halting problem is considered unsolvable?
- ASolving it requires a quantum computer which does not yet exist.
- BCurrent mathematical theories do not yet provide the appropriate reasoning frameworks.
- CSolving it would require more time than the age of the universe because of the underlying
combinatorial explosion. - DSelf application would lead to a contradiction.
19Is it possible to write a program that can check any other Java program and ensure that it
never prints “Stop Censorship Now”?- AYes, this can be done, because even if the string would be encrypted, the program would also
have to contain the encryption keys. - BNo, this cannot be done because of the combinatorial explosion problem.
- CNo, this cannot be done as this would require solving the halting problem.
- DYes, this is trivial, just search for the requested string
- AYes, this can be done, because even if the string would be encrypted, the program would also
20A decision table is a software model in which a response is determined based on Boolean
conditions over a number of input variables. For which of the following cases is a decision table most
suitable?- AWhen the response depends on the order in which inputs are evaluated.
- BWhen all inputs are from finite domains such as integer ranges or enumerations.
- CWhen the response depends on prior inputs or output of the system under test.
- DWhen the Boolean expressions formed by the conditions are mutually exclusive.
21Which of the following is a non-functional quality characteristic?
- ARegression.
- BFeasibility
- CUsability.
- DMaintenance.
22Which of the following is a test type?
- AFunctional testing
- BAcceptance testing
- CComponent testing
- DSystem testing
23Which of the following statements is true?
- ADeliberate technical debt can be necessary in order to meet external deadlines
- BRefactoring is a common cause of technical debt
- CTechnical debt can be and should be avoided at all cost
- DA smell is a problem in the code that must be fixed
24Which of the following best describes integration testing?
- ATesting performed to expose faults in the interfaces and in the interaction between integrated
components. - BTesting to verify that a component is ready for integration.
- CTesting to verify that the test environment can be integrated with the product.
- DIntegration of automated software test suites with the product.
- ATesting performed to expose faults in the interfaces and in the interaction between integrated
25A test team consistently finds between 90% and 95% of the defects present in the system
under test. While the test manager understands that this is a good defect-detection percentage for her test
team and industry, senior management and executives remain disappointed in the test group, saying that
the test team misses too many bugs. Given that the users are generally happy with the system and that the
failures which have occurred have generally been low impact, which of the following testing principles is
most likely to help the test manager explain to senior management and executives why some defects are
likely to be missed?- ADefect clustering.
- BPesticide paradox.
- CExhaustive testing is impossible.
- DThe absence-of-errors fallacy
26What is the key element maven provides to support software development?
- AA suite of useful external libraries maintained by the Apache Software Foundation.
- BSource code version control.
- CExtended compilation warnings to help you improve the code.
- DA fully reproducible build and test procedure.
27System test execution on a project is planned for eight weeks. After a week of testing, a
tester suggests that the test objective stated in the test plan of “finding as many defects as possible during
testing” might be more closely met by redirecting the test effort according to which test principle?- AImpossibility of exhaustive testing.
- BThe absence-of-errors fallacy
- CImportance of early testing.
- DDefect clustering.
28Model-based testing requires a model that
- ACan be represented as a decision table.
- BCan be automatically generated from the source code.
- CIs simpler than the artifact, yet preserves certain key properties.
- DIs at least as complex as the original artifact.
29During test execution, the test manager describes the following situation to the project
team: “90% of the test cases have been run. 20% of the test cases have identified defects. 127 defects have
been found. 112 defects have been fixed and have passed confirmation testing. Of the remaining 15 defects,
project management has decided that they do not need to be fixed prior to release.” Which of the following
is the most reasonable interpretation of this test status report?- AThe remaining 10% of test cases should be run prior to release.
- BThe system is now ready for release with no further testing or development effort.
- CThe remaining 15 defects should be confirmation tested prior to release.
- DThe programmers should focus their attention on fixing the remaining known defects prior to
release.
30A JUnit test class P is implemented with the Parameterized test runner. It is parameterized
by x, y, and outcome, and comes with an array of 6 values annotated with the @Parameter annotation.
The class contains two test cases t1 and t2, both annotated with @Test. t1 uses the parameters; t2 does
not use the parameters. When running test class P, how many test cases are executed?- A2
- B36
- C12
- D7
31Outsourcing as used at financial institutions (such as Munich RE as discussed in class) can
be understood in terms of the V-Model. Which statement covers this best?- AEvery arrow from left to right in the V-model should correspond to a subcontractor relationship.
- BThe development subcontractor needs to do no testing.
- CAcceptance testing can only be done by the financial institution itself
- DThe financial institution is primarily concerned with activities that are in the left leg of the
V-model
32In an LSP compliant inheritance hierarchy, which of the following statements is true?
- AThe superclass of a test class for a class C should pass on subclasses of C.
- BSubclasses of a test class for a class C should pass on the superclass of C.
- CTest classes for a subclass C can be resued at the superclass of C.
- DTest classes for a superclass C can be reused for subclasses of C.
33A regression test:
- AIs obtained through linear regression analysis between the coverage and the number of defects found.
- BWill check unchanged areas of the software to see if they have been affected
- CWill always be automated.
- DWill check changed areas of the software to see if they have been affected.
34The typical way to use a mocking framework (such as Mockito) when testing a class C is:
- ATo mock selected interfaces implemented by C.
- BTo mock selected classes C depends on.
- CTo mock selected subclasses of C.
- DTo mock selected methods in C.
35A company recently purchased a commercial application to automate their bill-paying process.
They now plan to run an acceptance test against the package prior to putting it into production. Which
of the following is their most likely reason for testing?- ATo build confidence in the application.
- BTo gather evidence for a lawsuit
- CTo detect bugs in the application
- DTo train the users.
36Consider a domain matrix with N conditions for variable x and M conditions for variable y.
Which of the following claims is correct?- AThe number of on points in the derived test suite is equal to the number of conditions.
- BThe number of test cases required by the one by one strategy is N + M.
- CIf the value for one variable is an off point, the value for the other variable must be an on point.
- DThe number of test cases required by the one by one strategy is N ∗ M.
37The main implication of the pesticide paradox is that
- AToo much testing is not cost-effective.
- BWe need variation in testing.
- CTesters and developers should be independent
- DA passing test suite gives a false sense of confidence.
38According to the ISTQB, what is a test condition?
- ASomething that can be tested.
- BThe steps to be taken to get the system to a given point.
- CAn input, expected outcome, precondition and postcondition.
- DA specific state of the software, e.g., before a test can be run.
39Consider the decision table from Figure 2 (as used in credit card processing). Which is the
smallest set of test cases giving 100% MC/DC coverage?- ATwo test cases, which together ensure that each condition is once true and once false.
- BFour test cases, corresponding to rule 1 and three test cases in which only one condition is
false. - CEight test cases, corresponding to 23
cases implied by the the three conditions - DThree test cases, corresponding directly to the truth values for Rules 1–3.
40The key reason to adopt a continuous integration server (such as DevHub as used in the
labwork) is:- ATo build up a history of build successes and failures over time.
- BTo make it easy to share code among team members.
- CTo ensure that the system can be built and executed in a clean environment using only source
code that is under revision control - DTo relieve the individual developers from the need to execute test cases themselves.
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- Computer Science Quiz on Software Quality and Testing midterm 2015, created by Bas Musters on 02/07/2017.
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- Bas Musters
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