4922159
Description
Flashcards by Weltraumkatze Fanroth, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Weltraumkatze Fanroth
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Was zeichnet spatial reference aus ? | - The coordinate system (GCS or PCS & VCS) -The spatial extent covered by the dataset (Ausdehnung) - Coordinate prescision with coordinate are stored (Koordinatengenauigkeit) -Processing tolerances (Bearbeitungstoleranz) |
| Was enthält das Vertikal-Koordinatensystem (VCS) (Vertical coordinate system) | - Linear unit of measure (i.d.R. m or ft) - Geodectic or vertical Datum - Axis direction -Vertical shift (verschiebung) |
| Was umfasst das Projizierte Koordinatensystem (PCS) ? | - GCS - Projection ( and project. parameters) - Linear unit measure ( usually m or ft) |
| Was beinhaltet ein Geographisches Koordinatensystem ( GCS)? | - Angular unit of measur (usually degrees) - Prime median - Datum (including spheroid) |
| Was geben Koordinatensysteme an? Coordinate system specify | - A Projected or Geographic measurment framework - Units of measurment - A defined map projection - Datums and spheriod, plus possible shift, central meridians and standard parallels. |
| Was ist der Tisso Index ? | A method of investigating how map projections can distort the Earths surface going from a 3D to a 2D projection. |
| What means " Great circle" ? | = shortest distance between two points an a sphere ( called a Geodesic in Mathematics) |
| Wie lautet das Datum vom Mittelpunkt der Erde? | Ellipsoid - GRS 80 Datum - NAD 83 |
| Was versteht man unter "Datum" ? | Datums are collections of poinst of "known" accuracy that are used to georefernce map data |
| Wie liegen die semi-minor axis & semi-major axis ? | semi-minor I I ----------- semi-major |
| Sphere | |
| Geoid | |
| Ellipsoid | |
| What is Remote Sensing? | "The science and art of obtaining useful information about an object, area or phenomenon through the analysis of data acquired by a device that is not in contact with the object, area or phenomenon under investigation" |
| Was ist GIS? | "GISs are simultaneously the telescope, the microscope, the computer and the Xerox machine of regional analysis and synthesis of spatial data" |
| Nennen sie 4 Eigenschaften von Projectionen | 1. Angular conformity, or preservation of shapes ( conformal proj.) 2. Preservaton of distance ( equivalent proj.) 3. Preservation of area ( equivalent proj.) 4. Preservation of direction (azimuthal proj.) |
| Was ist Lidar? | -Lidar ist a laser based active remote sensing technique that can operate from space based, airbone or ground based plattforms and provide very accurate 3D data. - It requires an emmitter-reciver, plus accurate GPS and IMU information - It can rapidly provide, bare earth high resolution DEM. - Uses include geomorphological mapping and fault identifikaton and analysis |
| Slope and Aspect | The rate of change of elevation in both the x and y direction can be used to identify the direction and magnitude of steppest gardient |
| Was ist das? | TIN vector data structure |
| DEM vector data structure | |
| What means TINs | Triangulated Irregular Networks " A vector data structure that partitions geographic space into contiguous, non-overlappig triangles. The vertices of each triangle are sample data points with x-,y-,z- values." |
| Pro Vector | - Data can be represented in its original resolution -requires les storage space - Topological relationships maintained - Geographical output visually pleasing |
| Contra Vector | - More complex data structure - inefficient for RS data - Some spatial analysis procedures are complex an process intensive - overlaying multi. vector maps is often time consuming |
| Pro Raster | -Simple data structure - Efficent for RS or scanned data - Simple spatial analysis procedures |
| Contra Raster | - Requires greater storage space - Graphical output my be less pleasing - Projection transformations difficult |
| Für was steht DTM? | Digital Terrain Model (Digitales Geländemodel) |
| Für was steht DEM? | Digital Elevation Model (Digitales Höhenmodel) |
| Pro und Contra Device input | pro: - fast -Less chance of error - can be done in the field with wireless potential contra: -Requires equipment -More specialist expertise - Limited information |
| Pro und Contra Scanning | pro: -Format adaptible - Good for converting paper products.. - fast contra: -Possible distortion errors - Expensive...? -Requires equipment |
| Pro und contra Keyboard entry | pro: -Format adaptible -Good for tables of raw data -User understanding contra: - Time consuming -Prone to error |
| Pro und Contra Digitising | Pro: -Format adaptible -Good fpr converting paper products contra: - Time consuming - Prone to error - Expensive - Requires equipment |
| Abstracting the real World: Problems to be considered | - The real World is dynamic, not static - some features are continuous, some not - The scale of the realworld my not match our data |
| What includes GIS ? | -Coordinate systems can be GCS, PCS or VCS - PCS are GCS that habe undergone proj. and given prativular spatial attributes. - The Spatial Reference System of a GIS includes a coordinate system, extents resolution and tolerence |
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