Testing for Anions

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To test for carbonates:

Add some barium chloride solution

If there are ions present this will produce a white precipitate of barium carbonate

Add some dilute hydrochloric acid

If there are carbonate ions present the mixture will fizz

This because carbonate will react with the acid to produce carbon dioxide gas

Collect the gas and pass it through limewater

The lime water should turn cloudy once all the barium carbonate has reacted

You end up with a colourless solution containing Be 2+ irons