Quiz
Personality
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Fragen in diesem Quiz (90)
1What is characterology?
- Astudy of character, especially its development and its variations
- Bstudy of character
- Cdefines one's character
- Dethical concept and is your personality evaluated according to a moral code
2What is personology?
- Astudy of character especially its development and variations
- Bstudy of people
- Cbranch of psychology which focuses on the study of the individuals characteristics and of differences between people
- Dstudy of people and their personality traits
3Temperament is a largely innate biologically based behavioral style that characterizes you
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
4What is character writing?
- Adefining a trait a person has and giving examples (10-20) of behavior
- Bdefining a trait a person has and giving examples (10-20) of personality
- Csimply defining a trait someone has
- Dpersonality according to a moral code
5Character is an ethical concept and is your personality evaluated according to a moral code.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
6What are the differences between character and temperament?
- ACharacter is mainly inherited emotional style that can be measured early in life. Temperament is a learned part of personality formed from socialization.
- Btemperament has a lot to do with personality traits and character does not
- CCharacter is an ethical concept, Temperament is not ethical
- DTemperament is mainly inherited emotional style that can be measured early in life. Character is a learned part of personality formed from socialization.
7What basic personality characteristic is described by character writing?
- AStable
- BUnstable
- CTrait
- DMad
8Know the humoral theory of temperament well.
- Ashowed intimate relationship between mind and body (hollistic)
- BBased on dynamics of 4 factors- humor and body fluid
-fire- hot and dry (yellow bile)
-water- wet and cold (phlegn)
-air- blood
earth- black bile - Cnegative aspects
- Dendomorph, viseromorph, ectomorph
- Ehippocrates (1st physician) galen (1st psychiatrist)
9hich modern theories of personality have roots in humoral theory?
- Afive factor theory, ensync theory, phrenology, ethology, experimental characterology
- Bfive factor theory
- Cpersonality theory
- Dno theories
10What is physiognomy?
- Aexact science of human nature in the early 1800's that tries to describe human behavior and explain it. (Sheldon "great American psychologists")
- Bstate the type of body determines your temperament (Sheldon "great American psychologists")
- Ctry to assess people's personality based on their external appearance (Sheldon "great American psychologists")
- Da lot like phrenology
11Who wrote Constitutional Psychology and what was it?
- Anone of the below answers are correct
- BSheldon; Stated the type of temperament determines your body type. ex) Somatotype (Sheldon’s body measurement technique) is a way to assess genotype (Genes) from phenotype (Appearance).
- CFreud; Stated the type of body determines your temperament. ex) Somatotype (Sheldon’s body measurement technique) is a way to assess genotype (Genes) from phenotype (Appearance).
- DSheldon; Stated the type of body determines your temperament. ex) Somatotype (Sheldon’s body measurement technique) is a way to assess genotype (Genes) from phenotype (Appearance).
12Which of the below answers are correct?
- Aendomorph (round, fat) = viseratonic - relaxed and lets things happen
mesomorph (thin)= somatotonic- restrained and watch things happen
ectomorph (muscular)= cerebrotonic- assertive and make things happen - BEndomorph – round, fat = Visceratonic – relaxed and lets things happen
Mesomorph – muscular = Somatotonic – assertive and makes things happen
Ectomorph – thin = Cerebrotonic – restrained and watch things happen - CEndomorph – round, fat = Cerebrotonic – relaxed and lets things happen
Mesomorph – muscular = Somatotonic – assertive and makes things happen
Ectomorph – thin = Visceratonic – restrained and watch things happen - DEndomorph – muscular = Visceratonic – assertive and make things happen
Mesomorph – obese = Somatotonic – relaxed and lets things happen
Ectomorph – thin = Cerebrotonic – restrained and watch things happen
- Aendomorph (round, fat) = viseratonic - relaxed and lets things happen
13What are the 5 basic traits according to the five-factor theory?
- Aall of the above are right
- BOpen to new things - open
Conscientious - trustworthy
Extraverted - outgoing
Agreeableness – easy to get along with
Neurotic - insane - COpen to new things - smart
Conscientious - trustworthy
Extraverted - outgoing
Agreeableness – easy to get along with
Neurotic - adjustment - DOpen to new things - smart
Conscientious - conscience
Extraverted - outgoing
Agreeableness – easy to get along with
Neurotic - adjustment
14What is ethology?
- Aanalyzed foreign language and their themes
- Bthe exact science of human nature in the early 1800’s that tries to describe personality and explain it. Analyzed the natural language and analyzed the themes that ran through it.
- Cthe exact science of human nature in the early 1900’s that tries to describe human behavior and explain it. Analyzed the natural language and analyzed the themes that ran through it.
- Dthe exact science of human nature in the early 1800’s that tries to describe human behavior and explain it. Analyzed the natural language and analyzed the themes that ran through it.
15What does nomothetic mean?
- Ameans similar to all (universal)
- Bmeans not similar (universal)
- Cmeans similar to all (unique)
- Dmeans not similar (unique)
16What does idiographic mean?
- Ameans you're an idiot
- Bmeans similar (universal)
- Cmeans not similar (unique)
- Dmeans not similar (universal)
17What is phrenology?
- Athe logical investigation of the mind that looked at their brain size and determined their personality based on part size.
- Blogical investigation of the brain
- Cthe logical investigation of the mind that looked at their brain size and determined their personality based on the way the brain feels
- Dnot a real thing
18Structural concepts are
- Arefer to stable, enduring aspect of personality
- Brefer to psychological reactions that change over a decade
- Crefer to psychological reactions that change over a relatively brief period of time.
- Drefer to unstable, enduring aspect of personality
19Process concepts are
- Arefer to processes of psychology
- Brefer to psychological reactions that change over a relatively brief period of time
- Crefer to psychological reactions that change frequently
- Drefer to stable, enduring aspect of personality
20What is personality?
- Alist of experiences
- Bcharacteristics of the person that account for consistent patterns of experience and action
- Clist of traits
- Dthe psycho-physical system that reflects the psychological organizing and functioning of the person (sense of identity, self)
- Ewhat people have
21What is a trait?
- Acluster of traits
- Bacquired pattern of behavior that often occurs automatically
- Cenduring physiological characteristic of a individual; or a type of physiological construct that refers to such differences
- Denduring physiological characteristic of a individual; or a type of physiological construct that refers to such characteristics
22What is a habit?
- Asomething you're born with
- Bacquired pattern of behavior that often occurs automatically
- Cenduring physiological characteristic of a individual; or a type of physiological construct that refers to such characteristics
- Dstudy of character
23What is type?
- Acluster of personality traits that may constitute a qualitatively distinct category of animals
- Bethical concept and is your personality evaluated according to a moral code
- Ccluster of personality traits that may constitute a qualitatively distinct category of persons
- Dall of the above are correct
24The main difference between trait and type is:
- Atraits=what we are predisposed to do
type=all different traits we are - Btraits=all different traits we are
type=what we are predisposed to do - Ctraits= all the same traits we are
types= what are supposed to do - Dnone of the above
- Atraits=what we are predisposed to do
25What are some concepts that are included in the process aspect of personality theories?
- Aconcept of self
concept of unconscious - Bconcept of others
concept of unconscious - Cconcept of self
concept of conscience - Dconcept of self
concept of conscious
- Aconcept of self
26Why are children from the same family so different?
- ADifferences in how male and female children were treated contributed to the male and female development. Birth order can also cause children in families to be treated differently; therefore, making the children behave the exact same.
- BDifferences in how male and female children were treated contributed to the male and female development. Birth order can also cause children in families to be treated differently; therefore, making the children behave differently.
- CSolely because of birth order
- DSolely because of gender differences
27What are contributions of theory?
- Apsychoanalysis
- BThey organize existing information
Generate new knowledge about important issues - Cpsychoanalytic theory
- DThey organize existing information
Generate new knowledge about important issues
Identify entirely new issues that are deserving of study
28What characteristics should theories have?
- Atheories should contain really good hypotheses
- BTheories should address a broad set of what, how, and why questions about personality structure, processes, development, and change
- CTheories should address a broad set of what, how, when, and why questions about personality structure, processes, and development
- Dtheories should have listed the contributions made to that theory
29Clinical research is is an approach to research in which existing individual differences are measured and related to one another, rather than being manipulated as in experimental research.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
30What is correlational research?
- Aan approach to research in which existing individual differences are measured and related to one another, rather than being manipulated as in experimental research
- Bresearch that shows one variable caused the other
- Cresearch that is conducted by a therapist in the course of in-depth experiences with a client.
- Dis an approach to research in which the experimenter manipulates a variable of interest; usually by assigning different research participants, at random, to different experimental conditions
31What is experimental research?
- Aan approach to research in which existing individual differences are measured and related to one another, rather than being manipulated as in experimental research
- Bresearch that shows a correlation
- Can approach to research in which the experimenter manipulates a variable of interest; usually by assigning different research participants, at random, to different experimental conditions
- Dlife record data or information concerning the person that can be obtained from the person’s life history or record
32What is the essence of scientific research?
- Ato obtain research results that support your hypothesis
- Bto obtain research results that are make you happy
- Cto obtain research results that are reliable and valid
- Dto obtain research results that are just reliable
33L-data is
- Aobserver data or information provided by knowledgeable observers such as parents, friends, or teachers.
- Blife record data or information concerning the person that can be obtained from the person’s life history or record
- Clife record data or information concerning the person that can be obtained from the person's birth certificate
- Dtest data or information obtained from experimental procedures or standardized tests
34O-data is
- Aobserver data or information provided by knowledgeable observers such as parents, friends, or teachers
- Bself report data
- Cobserver data or information provided by knowledgeable observers such as only your parents
- Dtest data
35T-data is test data or information obtained from experimental procedures or standardized tests
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
36S-data is observer data or information provided by knowledgeable observers such as parents, friends, or teachers.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
37What is validity?
- Aextent to which observations reflect the experiments
- Bwhen it must be a valid measure of psychological variable, or construct, that it purports to measure
- Cthe extent to which observations reflect the phenomena or constructs of interest to us
- Dextent to which observations are stable
38Construct validity
- Athe extent to which observations are stable, dependable, and can be replicated.
- Bwhen it must be a valid measure of psychological variable, or construct, that it purports to measure
- Cextent to which observations reflect the phenomena or constructs of interest to us
- Dvalidity of constructs
39Reliability is the extent to which observations are stable, dependable, and can be replicated
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
40What is stereotype threat?
- Asomething that hurts only certain people
- BFear of confirming a stereotype; might be judged in a negative light.
- Cfear of not confirming a stereotype, might be judged in a negative light.
- Dconcentration of mental energy on one particular person, idea, or object.
41How does stereotype threat processes affect performance?
- Astereotypes really hurt people emotionally causing them to change their behavior
- Bdecrease anxiety & engage from task/domain which increase performance
- Cpeople are not affected by this
- Dincrease anxiety & disengage from task/domain which reduce performance
42Correlation is the degree to which 5 measures are related.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
43What are strengths of experimental research?
- AProper for testing causal hypothesis
- Borganize existing information
- CLittle support that subjects try to confirm experiments hypothesis
- DSome discoveries would not be made outside the lab
- ESome things can be studies in the lab that would be hard to study elsewhere
44Psychoanalysis is a scientific theory.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
45What is psychoanalysis?
- Ahermeneutic/explanatory system
- Bnature of energy that operates personality
- Canalysis of the mind
- Dstrives for perfection
- Econcentration of mental energy on one particular person, idea, or object
46What is cathexis?
- Aconcentration of mental energy on one particular person, idea, or object
- Bconcentration of physical energy on one particular person, idea, or object
- Cconcentration of mental energy on anything
- Danalysis of the mind
47What is the function of anti-cathexis?
- Anone of the below
- Brestrict and block cathexis from the ego for overall benefit
- Chelps cathexis benefit for the id
- Drestrict and block cathexis from the id for overall benefit
48What is catharsis?
- Aconcentration of mental energy on one particular person, idea, or object
- Brelease of energy
- Crelease and freeing of emotion through talking about one's problems
- Dregion where there is partial control and we can make conscious if we focus on it
49According to the psychoanalytic theory, pleasure is based on what?
- Aresults from the reduction of tension or release of energy
- Bresults from the deduction or release of energy
- Cour mental stage
- Dour unconscious
50Conscious consists of
- Awhat you are aware of at the moment
- Bour emotions
- Cour present perceptions
- Dour unconscious thoughts
- Eshows our direct rational control
51What is preconscious?
- Aregion where our brain lights up when used
- Bregion of our present thoughts and emotions
- Cregion where there is partial control and we can make conscious if we focus on it
- Dregion we are not aware of
52Unconscious is
- Aprocesses are actively kept out of consciousness or repressed and are controlled by wants
- Bprocesses are inactively kept out of consciousness or repressed and are not controlled by wants
- Cprocesses that we cannot think about
- Donly repressed thoughts
53Preconscious differ from the unconscious because we cannot become aware of unconscious mental contents except under special circumstances.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
54What is subliminal psychodynamic activation?
- Awhen unconscious actives conscious
- Bwhen researchers attempt to stimulate unconscious wishes without making them conscious
- Cwhen researchers attempt to stimulate conscious wishes without making them unconscious
- Dwhen conscious actives unconscious
55What is a critical element of subliminal psychodynamic activation research?
- Amotives
- Bmaterial that is related to either threatening or anxiety-alleviating unconscious wishes
- Cmaterial that is related to release of emotions
- Dall of the above
56What is ID?
- Aexpresses our ideals and moral values
- Btotally conscious and present at birth (innate) impulsive/ irrational part of the personality that strives for expression and is based off of the pleasure principle
- Cdeals with external reality that delays and transforms
- Dtotally unconscious and present at birth (innate) impulsive/ irrational part of the personality that strives for expression and is based off of the pleasure principle
57What is ego?
- Adeals with external reality that delays and transform id impulses. it is rational.
- Bit is irrational
- Cexpresses our ideals and moral values
- Ddefense mechanism
58Superego:
- Aego that is super
- Btotally unconscious and present at birth
- Cdeals with external reality that delays and transform id impulses
- DFreud's structural concept for the part of the personality that expresses our ideals and moral values
59The pleasure principle:
- Asays the aim of all behavior is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain
- Bsays the aim of all behavior is to maximize pleasure and maximie pain
- Csays the goal is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain, but follows the rules of the world.
- Dthere is no aim or goal
60Reality principle is says the aim of all behavior is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
61Libido is the term for?
- Athe term for cathexis
- Bthe term for energy
- Canother term for anxiety
- Dthe term for energy associated first with the sexual instincts and later with the life instincts.
62What personality structure is most closely associated with guilt and self-condemnation?
- AReality Principle
- BID
- CSuperego
- DEgo
63Which defense mechanism in which thought, idea, or wish is dismissed from consciousness?
- Asublimation
- Brepression
- Cdenial
- Dprojection
64Which defense mechanism in which one attributes to others own unacceptable instincts or wishes?
- Arepression
- Blibido
- Cprojection
- Disolation
65Which defense mechanism in which a painful internal or external reality is denied?
- Adenial
- Bprojection
- Crepression
- Ddepression
66Which defense mechanism in which the original expression of the instinct is replaced by a higher cultural goal?
- Areaction formation
- Bdenial
- Crepression
- Dsublimation
67What defense mechanism is critical in alcohol and drug addiction?
- Arepression
- Bdenial
- Cisolation
- Ddepression
68What defense mechanism plays a central role in all other defense mechanisms?
- Adenial
- Brepression
- Canxiety
- Dprojection
69Three kinds of anxiety:
- Arealistic/objective anxiety
- Bsubjective anxiety
- Csuper anxiety
- Dneurotic anxiety "free floating anxiety"
- Emoral anxiety
70What are the major defense mechanisms?
- A6; denial, projection, isolation, reaction formation, sublimation, repression
- B6; denial, projection, isolation, reaction formation, sublimation, depression
- C5; denial, projection, isolation, sublimation, repression
- D5; projection, isolation, reaction formation, sublimation, repression
71Subliminal perception:
- Areaction to a stimulus
- Bdefense mechanism that occurs frequently
- Creaction to a stimulus that occurs with awareness or consciousness
- Dreaction to a stimulus that occurs without awareness or consciousness
72Freud believed:
- Ahe was insane
- Bsymptoms were disguised as expressions of a repressed impulse
- Coedipus complex actually wasnt true
- Dnone of the above
73A symptom does express both defense and wish.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
74What are oral traits?
- Anarcissistic (only care about themselves)
- Bdont have clear recognition of others as separate and valuable entities
- Cobstinacy
- Dstinginess
- Ealways asking for something
75What are anal traits?
- Anarcissistic
- Borderliness and cleanliness
- Cparsimony and stinginess
- Dobstinacy
- Emasculine
76What are phallic character traits?
- Astubbornness (male)
- Bidealize life (female)
- Cmasculine and potent (male)
- Dobstinacy (female)
- E"big" in the eyes of others (male)
77What are the central features of psychoanalytic treatment?
- Aindividual psychology
- Bfree association
- Csocial approach
- Dinterpretation
- Etherapeutic transference
78Change occurs in psychoanalysis because of an optimum degree of _____________ in a stage if growth.
- Aidealism
- Btransference
- Cfrustration
- Drealism
79What is the “royal road to the unconscious?”
- Aconscious
- Bdreams
- Cfeelings
- Dthoughts
80What is the patient’s development toward the analyst of attitudes and feelings rooted in past experiences with parental figures?
- Atransference
- Bregression
- Crepression
- Dfixation
81What is Freud’s concept expressing a developmental arrest or stoppage at some point in the person’s psychological development?
- Adepression
- Brepression
- Cfixation
- Dtransference
82What is Freud’s concept expressing a person’s return to ways of relating to the world and the self that were part of an earlier stage of development?
- Atransference
- Bregression
- Cfixation
- Ddream analysis
83What is the aim to psychoanalytic treatment?
- Arelease discomfort
- Brelease anger
- Crelease repression emotions and experiences
- Drelease depression
84What is the term used specifically to refer to the psychological method or science founded by the Viennese psychiatrist Alfred Adler who said an individual would try to compensate for an inferiority he/she possesses?
- Apsychology
- Bindividual psychology
- Csocial psychology
- Dregression
85Why did Karen Horney reject Freud’s biological emphasis?
- Ashe hated Freud
- Bin favor of a less social approach
- Cin favor of a social, interpersonal approach
- Din favor of her cristicisms
86What are major criticisms of psychoanalytic theory?
- Aendorses the questionable view of the person as an energy system
- Bmakes testing difficult
- Cfails to define concepts clearly
- Dlack empathy for others
- Etolerates resistance to research and change in theory
87What are strengths of psychoanalytic theory?
- Adevelops techniques for research and therapy
- Bprovides for the discovery of many phenomena
- Ctolerates resistance to research and change in theory
- Drecognizes complexity of human behavior
- Econtains a broad range of phenomena
88What is an investment of mental energy in the self?
- ADepression
- BNarcissism
- CConfidence
- DHysteria
89Characteristics of those with high narcissism:
- Aignorant
- Bdistorted reality
- Cfeeling of entitlement
- Dlack of empathy for others
- Esense of self-importantance
90What is is Bowlby’s concept emphasizing the early formation of a bond between infant and caregiver, generally the mother?
- Aattired behavioral system (ABS)
- Battachment bad system (ABS)
- Cattachment behavioral system (ABS)
- Dattachment emotional system (ACS)
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Quiz am Personality, erstellt von shortie62292 am 29/09/2014.
- Autor
- shortie62292
- Sprache
- English
- Aufrufe
- 40
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