Conditional clauses

Conditionals

• - statements in which we discuss known factors or hypothetical situations and their consequences
• - there are four types: zero, first, second, third
• - a complete conditional sentence contains:
• conditional clause or if-clause
• the consequence

Zero conditional

• IF + PRESENT, PRESENT
• If water boils, it evaporates.
• - the result will always happen
• - it is always true

First conditional

• IF + PRESENT, WILL+ THE INFINITIVE OF THE VERB
• If I know anything before Thursday, I will let you know.
• - it describes particular situation which may happen in the future
• - it describes possible things which could easily come true

Second conditional

• IF + PAST, WOULD + THE INFINITIVE OF THE VERB
• If I knew the answer, I would tell you. (But I don´t know it.)
• - we talk about things in the future that are probably not going to happen or to be true
• - we wish they were true, but it is impossible

Third conditional

• IF + PAST PERFECT, WOULD + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
• If I had known all the answers, I wouldn´t have failed in the exam. (But I didn´t know them.)
• - we talk about the past
• - we use it to describe a situation that didn´t happen
• - we only imagine the result of this situation

Unless = if not

• If you don´t apologise, I won´t go out with you.
• Unless you apologise, I won´t go out with you.
• Conditionals
• Conditionals
• Conditionals