Karteikarten
Intermolecular Forces
Karten in diesem Stapel (18)
- 1How are individual molecules or atoms attracted to one another?They are attracted by weaker intermolecular forces.
- 2If intermolecular forces are strong enough, molecules are held closely enough together to be ______ or ______ .If intermolecular forces are strong enough, molecules are held closely enough together to be liquids or solids.
- 3What are the three types of intermolecular forces?1) van der Waals
2) Dipole-dipole
3) Hydrogen bonding - 4From strongest to weakest arrange the the three intermolecular forces. (Underneath write what they interact with)van der Waals (weakest)
(acts between all atoms and molecules)
Dipole-dipole
(acts only between certain types of molecules)
Hydrogen bonding (strongest)
(acts only between certain types of molecules) - 5What is a dipole moment?The net effect of the polarity of all bonds in the molecule.
- 6In molecules with more than one polar bond what are the two effects seen?1) The effects of each bond may cancel each other out.
2) The effects of each bond may reinforce one another resulting in a dipole moment. - 7What do Dipole-dipole forces act between?Molecules that have permanent dipole moments.
- 8What would two molecules which both have dipoles do?They would attract one another.
- 9How do van der Waal forces work?The distribution of charge around an atom changes at every instant.
At any point in time, an atom will have a dipole; an instantaneous (temporary) dipole.
The instantaneous (temporary) dipole then influences electron distribution in nearby atoms, so they are attracted to the original atom creating an induced dipole.
*instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces* - 10van der Waals forces act between all ____ or _____ at all times. The dipole is caused by the ____ position of the electron cloud. The ____ electrons there are the larger the instantaneous dipole will be, resulting in a stronger induced dipole.van der Waals forces act between all atoms or molecules at all times.
The dipole is caused by the changing position of the electron cloud.
The more electrons there are the larger the instantaneous dipole will be, resulting in a stronger induced dipole. - 11What is the relationship between van der Waals forces and atomic or molecular mass?Atoms or molecules with large atomic or molecular masses produce stronger van der Waals forces.
Which is why boiling points of noble gases increase as atomic number increases. and the boiling points of hydrocarbons increases with increasing chain length. - 12What does Hydrogen bonding consist of?A hydrogen atom between two very electronegative atoms.
- 13What are the requirements for Hydrogen Bonding?Very Electronegative atom which can only be N,O,F. Which also has a lone pair and a covalent bond to hydrogen.
- 14What does a hydrogen atom bonded to a very electronegative atom produce?A strong partial positive charge on the hydrogen.
- 15A very electronegative atom with a lone pair produces what?A strong partial positive charge.
- 16What is the hydrogen bond between?The lone pair and partial positively charged hydrogen atom in another molecule.
- 17What do hydrogen bonds in water do?They break and reform easily due to molecules being able to move about.
- 18Describe Hydrogen Bonding in IceThey hold molecules in a fixed position and in order to fit into the structure molecules pack less tightly than in liquid water which lowers the density.
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- Beschreibung
- A level Chemistry (Lois) (Bonding) Karteikarten am Intermolecular Forces, erstellt von Jasbir Banwait am 09/10/2017.
- Erstellt von
- Jasbir Banwait
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- 2
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