Karteikarten
Eukaryotic and Prokaryotes
Karten in diesem Stapel (16)
- 1What are the 5 KingdomsAnimal, Plant, Fungi, Bacteria and Protoctista
- 2Differences between Eukaryotic VS Prokaryotic CellsE -Animal/plant, membrane bound organelles (nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi body, lysosomes and mitochondria)
P- Bacteria, no membrane bound organelles - 3What are the two forms of reproduction?-Sexual (2 parents each provide a mete which fuse to form a zygote, that developed into organism)
- Asexual (one parent identical offspring) - 4How does a Zygote develop into an organism?-It is a stem cell
-AS it is an unspecialised cell it can develop into any type of cell
-Zygote divides by mitosis to make many stem cells
-Each stem cell develops into specialised cell
-by mitosis the specialised cell divides into many specialised cells
- cells - tissue- organ - organ system - 5What is an animal cell made up of?-Organelles (Nucleus, Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi body, lysosomes, mitochondria, ribosomes) - al have membrane except ribosomes
-Cyctoplasm (chemical reactions site)
-Cell membrane (hold the cell together, controls what leaves/enters) - 6Structure of the nucleus-Contains DNA
-DNA wrapped around histones to form chromatin
-nucleus has a double membrane , nuclear envelope - has pore
-at the centre of the nucleus is the Nucleolus - produces mRNA
-rest of nucleus made of nucleoplasm (contains DNA/chromatin) - 7Structure of Endoplasmic Reticulum-2 types - Smooth and Rough
-RER - ribosomes on it ( makes proteins)
-SER - no ribosomes ( makes lipids/ carbohydrates) - 8Structure of Golgi BodyModifies and packages proteins
-Packages them into vesicles for transport
-digestive enzymes are placed into lysosomes (vesicles w/membranes around them) - 9Structure of Mitochondria-Site of respirator, releases energy, produces ATP
-DOuble membrane, inner folded Cristae ( high SA)
-Middle portion called matrix - 10What is the structure and role of Mitochondria-Site of respiration , releases energy, produces ATP
-Double membrane - 11What is the structure of RibosomesAttached to RER
-Site of Protein synthesis - 12What is a Plant Cell made up of?-Organelles (nucleus, endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi body, Lysosomes, Mitochondria, Chloroplast, Vacuole, ribosomes) - all have membranes except the ribosomes
-Cytoplasm (site of chemical reactions)
-Cell membrane ( hold cell together, controls what enters/leaves)
-Cell Wall (cellulose, prevent the cell from bursting or shrinking) - 13What is the Structure of the chloroplasts?-Organelle for Photosynthesis
-Double membrane
-Contains discs called Thylakoids that contain chlorophyll
-Stacked Thylakoids- Granum
-Thylakoid surrounded by liquid - Stroma - 14What is the structure of the Vacuole?-Surrounded by a membrane called a Tonoplast
-Contains Cell Sap (Sugar, Water, Minerals) - 15What is a Bacteria made up of?-NO NUCLEUS - loose DNA in a single loop and a plasmid
-No membrane bound organelles: smaller ribosomes
-Cytoplasm
-Cell Membrane + cell wall (made up of peptidoglycan/murein)
-Some have a capsule (reduce water loss, protect against Phagocyctosis) and Flagella - 16What is a Virus made up of?DNA or RNA (if RNA there will be a enzyme present to turn RNA into DNA)
-Protein Coat called Capsid
-Attachment proteins on outside
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- A level Biology Karteikarten am Eukaryotic and Prokaryotes, erstellt von Charlotte Willis am 02/01/2018.
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- Charlotte Willis
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