Karteikarten
Medication Administration
Karten in diesem Stapel (23)
- 1Pharmokineticsdrug action
absorption
distribution
metabolism
excretion - 2absorptionProcess by which drug is transferred from its site of entry into the body to the bloodstream
- 3DistributionThe drug is distributed throughout the body, becoming available to body fluids and body tissues
- 4MetabolismBiotransformation, change of a drug from its original form to a new form
- 5ExcretionProcess of removing a drug, or its metabolites from the body. The kidney excretes most drugs.
- 6drug metabolismdrug is changed from original form to a new form
liver is the primary site
factors influencing: health of liver, kidney, lungs, GI; age, genetic differences, other drugs, hepatic first pass - 7Drug excretiondrug is eliminated / removed from the body
kidneys excrete drugs, most important = kidney function
other forms of excretion: lungs - inhalants, intestines - through bile, exocrine glands - saliva, sweat, milk - 8safe medication administrationSafe practice dictates that nurses follow only written, typed, or computerized orders unless in an emergency. A verbal order from a physician may be given to an RN
- 9three checks1. when getting medication out of the drawer
2. before pouring medication and comparing to the MAR
3. at bed side compare to MAR before administering medication to the patient - 10rights of medication administration1. time
2. route
3. amount (dose)
4. medication
5. patient
6. education
7. assessment
8. refuse
9. reason
10. response
11.documentation - 11maintaining a safe environment•Good lighting must be present when preparing drugs
•Decreased noise and noise disruption to increase ability to concentrate
•Do not leave drugs unattended
•The nurse who prepares the medication also administers the drugs and records the drug administration - 12handling controlled substances safely• Double locked
•Narcotic record must have patient name, name and dose of drug, time given, ordering provider, amount given, nurse administering
•Shift change count: on hand now and at last shift count
•Discarding narcotics: 2nd nurse witness - 13Identifying the patient•Check bracelet
•1st identifier: patient’s name
•2nd identifier: ID#, MR#, DOB
•Have patient state their name
•Photo ID if available - 14procedure for PO medicationssolid / liq form
enteral - within intestines
when administering :
: assess swallowing function
: use adequate amount of fluid
: one at a time
: only break if scored
: know rules for crushing
: pour away from label - 15intramuscularinjection into the muscle
- 16administration into the muscle•Faster absorption – greater number of blood vessels
•Careful ID of sites due to nerves, bones, blood vessels - 17Preparation for IM injection•Needle length: 5/8 to 1 ½ inches (~site and patient’s age)
•Needle gauge 18-25 (~type of solution – oil/water based)
•Angle of insertion 72-90 degrees
•Dose 1 ml (max) for deltoid or 4 ml (max) for other sites - 18sites for IM injectionvastus lateralis (thigh), deltoid (upper arm), ventrogluteal (hip area)
- 19Procedure for IM injection: Z tract
: skin taut
: darting action do not massage
: inject slowly (10 sec. / mL)
: use smallest gauge possible - 20subcutaneous injection•Most common : insulin and heparin
•Rotate sites with frequent injections
•Administered into the adipose tissue layer just below the epidermis / dermis
•Slow, sustained rate of absorption because tissue has few blood vessels
•Bunch skin, no aspiration or massage - 21sites for Subcutaneous injectionUpper back of arm
upper back
abdomen (heparin)
anterior thigh
upper dorsal gluteal - 22procedure for Subcutaneous injection•Needle length 3/8-1 inch
•25-30 gauge
•Dose no more than 1 ml
•Angle of insertion 45 or 90 degree - 23Topical•Medications delivered via topical route
•Applied to skin or mucous membranes including eyes, ears, nose, rectum, vagina, and lungs
•Topical applications usually intended for direct action
•Skin vs cavity
•Absorption hindered because of protective outer layer of skin – makes penetration difficult
•Enhance by cleaning area first with soap and water and then rubbing the medication into skin
•When indicated, local heat application can improve blood circulation/promote absorption
•Preparations – powders, ointments, creams and oils
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Nursing Karteikarten am Medication Administration, erstellt von Ashley S am 12/10/2018.
- Erstellt von
- Ashley S
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