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Terms and Definitions

Ajdecam Semester 1 College Englisch 72 Karten

Karten in diesem Stapel (72)

  1. 1SheildingInner electrons lessening the nuclear attraction of an outer electron
  2. 2Effective Nuclear ChargeThe charge an electron feels as a result of shielding
  3. 3Hund's RuleFor orbitals of equal energy, electrons are placed unpaired first
  4. 4Outer ElectronsHighest n value
  5. 5Inner electronsDetermine closest noble gas, add d or f groups
  6. 6Valence ElectronsMain group number
  7. 7Ionization EnergyEnergy required to remove 1 mol of electrons from 1 mol of gaseous atoms/ions
  8. 8Electron AffinityThe energy change associated with the addition of one mol of electrons to one mole of gaseous atoms/ions
  9. 9Lattice Energy EquationElectrostatic Energy = cation charge x anion charge/ cation radius x anion radius
  10. 10ElectronegativityThe ability of a bonded atom to attract shared electrons
  11. 11Four characteristics of solid metalsShiny
    Conducts heat
    High melting point
    Malleable
  12. 12Octet RuleAtoms want to fill their valence shells
  13. 13Resonance FormA Lewis structure that cannot be adequately depicted by a single structure (has one or more correct depictions).
  14. 14Formal ChargeThe charge of an atom in a molecule or ion, equal to valence electrons minus the sum of the unshared and half of the shared electrons
  15. 15Molecular Shape3D structure defined by relative positions of nuclei in an atom
  16. 16Dipole MomentMagnitude of partial charges on the ends of molecules times the distance between them
  17. 17Electron DefficientAn bonded atom that has fewer than 8 valence electrons
  18. 18Odd Electron SpeciesBonding with an odd number of electrons
  19. 19Expanded OctetCan accommodate more electrons by using available d orbitals
  20. 20Principal Quantum NumberSize of orbital/distance from nucleus
  21. 21Angular MomentumShape of orbital (0, n-1)
  22. 22Magnetic Quantum NumberOrientation of orbital (-l,l)
  23. 23s0
  24. 24p1
  25. 25d2
  26. 26f3
  27. 27Nanometers1e-10
  28. 28Angstoms1e-10
  29. 29Exceptions to the Octet RuleElectron Deficiencies
    Expanded Octet
    Odd number of electrons
  30. 30Functional GroupAtom or group of atoms responsible for a particular chemical property
  31. 31Le Chatelier's PrincipleAny change at equilibrium will result in a shift of equilibrium towards the direction which minimizes change
  32. 32Equilibrium ConstantValue of reaction quotient when reaction has reacted equilibrium. (products)/(reactants)
  33. 33Kc and KpKc = Equilibrium constant defined by concentration (moles)
    Kp = Equilibrium constant defined by partial pressures
  34. 34Q (Reaction Quotient)Q = K : Equilibrium
    Q < K : proceed to the right
    Q > K : proceed to the left
  35. 35Methyl1 Carbon
  36. 36Ethyl2 Carbons
  37. 37Propyl3 Carbons
  38. 38Butyl4 Carbons
  39. 39Pentyl5 Carbons
  40. 40Linear Hybridizationsp
  41. 41Trigonal Planar Hybridizationsp2
  42. 42Tetrahedral Hybridizationsp3
  43. 43Tetrahedral4 electron groups
  44. 44Trigonal Planar3 electron groups
  45. 45Linear2 electron groups
  46. 46Linear bond angle180
  47. 47Trigonal Planar bond angle120
  48. 48Tetrahedral bond angle109
  49. 49Characteristics of pi bondsWeaker than sigma bonds
    One pi and one sigma in a double bond
  50. 50Solid-GasSublimation
  51. 51Liquid-GasVaporization
  52. 52Solid-LiquidMelting
  53. 53Gas-LiquidCondensation
  54. 54Liquid-SolidFreezing
  55. 55Gas-SolidDeposition
  56. 56Things that affect boiling point1. Strength of intermolecular forces
    2. Increase as number of carbons is increased
    3. Branching decreases boiling point
  57. 57CisFunctional groups are on the same side
  58. 58TransFunctional Groups are on different sides
  59. 59Chiral CenterAtom is bonded to four different things (lone pairs count)
  60. 60Optical ActivityDoes the molecule have a differing mirror image
  61. 61AlkeneC-C double bond
  62. 62AlkyneC-C triple bond
  63. 63AlcoholC-O-H bond
  64. 64HaloalkaneC-X (X is a halogen)
  65. 65AmineC-N
  66. 66AldehydeC-O double bond, C-H
  67. 67KetoneC-C double bond O, -C
  68. 68Carboxylic AcidC double bond O, -O-H
  69. 69Critical TemperatureAbove this temperature a gas cannot be liquified by pressure alone
  70. 70Vapor PressureThe pressure of vapor in contact with its liquid or solid
  71. 71PolarizabilityAbility for a molecule to become polarized
  72. 72HeteroelementsAny element in an organic compound other than C and H

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College Semester 1 (Chemistry 1) Karteikarten am Terms and Definitions, erstellt von Ajdecam am 05/11/2014.
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