Karteikarten
Chapter 13
Karten in diesem Stapel (27)
- 1why data analysis?- simply listing scores is meaningless
- necessary for comparisons between groups or to describe the performance with an individual within a group - 23 steps in data analysis1. select the technique appropriate for the data and research question
2. apply the technique
3. Interpret the results of the technique - 34 types of scoresNominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio
- 4Nominal- classifies objects in accordance to similarities and differences with respect to some property
- scores cannot be hierarchically arranged and mutually exclusive - 5Ordinal- can be organized hierarchically
- But DO NOT have a common unit of measurement between each score - 6Interval- These scores have a common unit of measurement between each score
- DO NOT have a true point zero - 7Ratio- These scores have a common unit of measurement between each score and do not have a true zero point
- This allows comparisons like being twice as fast or one half as much - 8simply frequency distribution- ordered list of scores and their frequencies
- - 9what kind of information can you extract from a simple frequency distribution?- range of scores
- most frequently received scores
- number of participants of each score - 10group frequency distribution- allows for frequency visualization according to bins
- connecting the plotted frequencies for the scores produces a graph called a frequency polygon - 11frequency polygon and histogramfrequency polygon: lines connected
histogram: bars - 12normal curve- smoothing the frequency polygon creates a curve that, by its shape, will tell you nature of distribution
- bell shaped curve - 13skewed curvewhen the graph of the data does not resemble a normal curve it is said to be skewed
- 14negatively skewed- long low tail to the left indicating that few people scored low
- 15positively skewed- skew is on the right which very few scored high
- 16normal bell curvemesokurtic
- 17flat bell shapeplatykurtic
- 18high bell shapeleptokurtic
- 19descriptive values- summarize the set of scores collected and give it meaning
- describe how the performance of one group compares to another - 20measures of central tendencymean, median, mode
- 21measures of variabilityrange, standard deviation, variance
- 22measuring group positionsstandard scores, z scores
- 23standard scores- they standardize the common unit of measurement
- 24z scores- indicates how many standard deviation a test score is from the mean
- z score of 2 means 2 standard deviations above mean - 25correlationstrength and direction
- 26coefficient of determination- the amount of variability in ones measures that is explained by the other measure (r^2)
- 27factors effecting correlation coeffiecientsample size, reliability of scores, range of scores
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