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Genetics

aebuffington99 Englisch 15 Karten

Karten in diesem Stapel (15)

  1. 1Amino AcidAn organic monomer which serves as a building block of proteins.
  2. 2AnticodonA triplet of nucleotide bases in transfer RNA that identifies the amino acid carried and binds to a complementary codon in messenger RNA during protein synthesis at a ribosome
  3. 3Messenger RNA (mRNA)A type of RNA, synthesized from DNA and attached to ribosomes in the cytoplasm; it specifies the primary structure of a protein.
  4. 4CodonA three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code.
  5. 5HydrophilicHaving an affinity for water.
  6. 6ProteinA three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids
  7. 7MutationA rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity
  8. 8HydrophobicHaving an aversion to water; tending to coalesce and form droplets in water
  9. 9Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U); usually single stranded; functions in protein synthesis
  10. 10Protein SynthesisThe creation of protein from a DNA template
  11. 11RibosomeA cell organelle that functions as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of ribosomal RNA and protein molecules and is formed by combining two subunits.
  12. 12Transcriptionthe synthesis of RNA on a DNA template
  13. 13Transfer RNA (tRNA)An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between nucleic acid and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA
  14. 14TranslationThe synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in an mRNA molecule. There is a change of language fro nucleotides to amino acids
  15. 15NucleotideThe building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group

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Karteikarten am Genetics, erstellt von aebuffington99 am 15/04/2015.
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aebuffington99
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