Karteikarten
Unit One: Atomic Structure
Karten in diesem Stapel (37)
- 1Subatomic particles-protons
- neutrons
- electrons - 2Atomic numbers……Never change
- 3Mass numbers…..Can change
- 4What makes an atom electronically neutral?When the number of protons= the number of electrons
- 5Atomic number=#of protons
#of electrons - 6Mass number =#of protons- #of neutrons
- 7What’s in the nucleus of an atom?Protons and neutrons
- 8Which subatomic particles have 1 amu (atomic mass unit)?Protons and neutrons
- 9How much amu does an electron have?1/1836
0 amu
**negligible** - 10All atoms of a GIVEN ELEMENT must haveThe same atomic number
- 11“First Therory”Matter is made of small, solid, indivisible particles
- 12John Dalton’s Solid Sphere Model- Small particles are solid and indivisible
- Spherical (hard sphere) - 13Thomson’s Cathode Ray ExperimentElectrons are first introduced
- 14Thomson’s Atomic ModelPlum- Pudding model
- The atom is not solid
- Positive (cake pop)
- Negative electrons (chocolate chips in cake pop) - 15Ernest Rutherford’s Atomic ModelGold foil Experiment
- Alpha particles- positively charged helium irons
- Atom is mostly empty space
- Atom has dense, positively charged particles in the nucleus - 16• Neils Bohr’s Planetary Atomic Model- Electrons are outside of nucleus in orbit like paths
- A specific amount of energy contained within the electron - 17Wave-Mechanical Model- Orbitals: the area around a nucleus where an electron is likely to be found
- MAX OF 2 ELECTRONS in each orbital - 18The average stomach mass uses 2 pieces of data:- All naturally occurring isotopes of an element
- The relative abundances of each of those isotopes - 19The atomic mass represents the weighted average mass ofAll naturally occurring isotopes
- 20Isotopes have- Have the same element
- Different number of neutrons
- Different mass values
- Same number of protons - 21Electron ConfigurationsThe number of electrons present in each shell
- 22Each number of the electron configuration representsThe number of electrons in a specific shell or Principle Energy Level
- 23If you have a high PEL (Principle Energy Level)- The electron is farther from the nucleus
- More energy is contained within the electron - 24Ground state- when all the electrons are in the LOWEST available PELs (stable)
- 25Excited stateWhen at least 1 electron has jumped to a higher PEL
- One of the lower shells is unfilled, while there are electrons in a higher shell - 26Shells- 1st shell: 2
- 2nd shell: 8
- 3rd shell: 18
- 4th she’ll: 32 - 27When electrons fall from high to lowThey release energy
- Higher shells-> low shells
- Only specific colors can do this - 283 types of electrical charges- positive charge
- neutral charge
- negative charge - 29Positive chargeContains more positive charges than negative
- 30Neutral chargeContains the SAME number of positive charges and negative charges
- 31Negative chargeContains more negative charges than positive
- 32All atoms areElectronically neutral
- 33CationLoss of electrons
- 34AnionGain of electrons
- 35If the # of protons DONT EQUAL the # of electrons- It is an ION
- No longer an atom - 36Negative ionAtom gains electrons
- 37Positive ionAtom loses electrons
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- 10th grade Chemistry Karteikarten am Unit One: Atomic Structure , erstellt von Marissa Ramkissoon am 20/09/2022.
- Erstellt von
- Marissa Ramkissoon · Sep 2022
- Aktualisiert
- 20 Sep 2022
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