Karteikarten
Terms and Definitions
Karten in diesem Stapel (72)
- 1SheildingInner electrons lessening the nuclear attraction of an outer electron
- 2Effective Nuclear ChargeThe charge an electron feels as a result of shielding
- 3Hund's RuleFor orbitals of equal energy, electrons are placed unpaired first
- 4Outer ElectronsHighest n value
- 5Inner electronsDetermine closest noble gas, add d or f groups
- 6Valence ElectronsMain group number
- 7Ionization EnergyEnergy required to remove 1 mol of electrons from 1 mol of gaseous atoms/ions
- 8Electron AffinityThe energy change associated with the addition of one mol of electrons to one mole of gaseous atoms/ions
- 9Lattice Energy EquationElectrostatic Energy = cation charge x anion charge/ cation radius x anion radius
- 10ElectronegativityThe ability of a bonded atom to attract shared electrons
- 11Four characteristics of solid metalsShiny
Conducts heat
High melting point
Malleable - 12Octet RuleAtoms want to fill their valence shells
- 13Resonance FormA Lewis structure that cannot be adequately depicted by a single structure (has one or more correct depictions).
- 14Formal ChargeThe charge of an atom in a molecule or ion, equal to valence electrons minus the sum of the unshared and half of the shared electrons
- 15Molecular Shape3D structure defined by relative positions of nuclei in an atom
- 16Dipole MomentMagnitude of partial charges on the ends of molecules times the distance between them
- 17Electron DefficientAn bonded atom that has fewer than 8 valence electrons
- 18Odd Electron SpeciesBonding with an odd number of electrons
- 19Expanded OctetCan accommodate more electrons by using available d orbitals
- 20Principal Quantum NumberSize of orbital/distance from nucleus
- 21Angular MomentumShape of orbital (0, n-1)
- 22Magnetic Quantum NumberOrientation of orbital (-l,l)
- 23s0
- 24p1
- 25d2
- 26f3
- 27Nanometers1e-10
- 28Angstoms1e-10
- 29Exceptions to the Octet RuleElectron Deficiencies
Expanded Octet
Odd number of electrons - 30Functional GroupAtom or group of atoms responsible for a particular chemical property
- 31Le Chatelier's PrincipleAny change at equilibrium will result in a shift of equilibrium towards the direction which minimizes change
- 32Equilibrium ConstantValue of reaction quotient when reaction has reacted equilibrium. (products)/(reactants)
- 33Kc and KpKc = Equilibrium constant defined by concentration (moles)
Kp = Equilibrium constant defined by partial pressures - 34Q (Reaction Quotient)Q = K : Equilibrium
Q < K : proceed to the right
Q > K : proceed to the left - 35Methyl1 Carbon
- 36Ethyl2 Carbons
- 37Propyl3 Carbons
- 38Butyl4 Carbons
- 39Pentyl5 Carbons
- 40Linear Hybridizationsp
- 41Trigonal Planar Hybridizationsp2
- 42Tetrahedral Hybridizationsp3
- 43Tetrahedral4 electron groups
- 44Trigonal Planar3 electron groups
- 45Linear2 electron groups
- 46Linear bond angle180
- 47Trigonal Planar bond angle120
- 48Tetrahedral bond angle109
- 49Characteristics of pi bondsWeaker than sigma bonds
One pi and one sigma in a double bond - 50Solid-GasSublimation
- 51Liquid-GasVaporization
- 52Solid-LiquidMelting
- 53Gas-LiquidCondensation
- 54Liquid-SolidFreezing
- 55Gas-SolidDeposition
- 56Things that affect boiling point1. Strength of intermolecular forces
2. Increase as number of carbons is increased
3. Branching decreases boiling point - 57CisFunctional groups are on the same side
- 58TransFunctional Groups are on different sides
- 59Chiral CenterAtom is bonded to four different things (lone pairs count)
- 60Optical ActivityDoes the molecule have a differing mirror image
- 61AlkeneC-C double bond
- 62AlkyneC-C triple bond
- 63AlcoholC-O-H bond
- 64HaloalkaneC-X (X is a halogen)
- 65AmineC-N
- 66AldehydeC-O double bond, C-H
- 67KetoneC-C double bond O, -C
- 68Carboxylic AcidC double bond O, -O-H
- 69Critical TemperatureAbove this temperature a gas cannot be liquified by pressure alone
- 70Vapor PressureThe pressure of vapor in contact with its liquid or solid
- 71PolarizabilityAbility for a molecule to become polarized
- 72HeteroelementsAny element in an organic compound other than C and H
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- College Semester 1 (Chemistry 1) Karteikarten am Terms and Definitions, erstellt von Ajdecam am 05/11/2014.
- Erstellt von
- Ajdecam
- Aufrufe
- 9
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