Karteikarten
A2 Biology-Photosynthesis and Respiration
Karten in diesem Stapel (30)
- 1Write a simple equation to show how ATP is synthesised from ADPADP+Pi= ATP
- 2Which properties of ATP make it a suitable source of energy in biological processes?-Soluble
-An immediate source of energy/one step reaction
-Energy is released in small, suitable amounts - 3Why is it necessary for humans to synthesise such large amounts of ATP?-Used in active transport
-Only releases a small amount
-Can't be stored - 4Where does glycolysis take place?Cytoplasm
- 5Where does the link reaction take place?Matrix
- 6Where does the Krebs cycle take place?Matrix
- 7Where does oxidative phosphorylation take place?Cristae of the mitochondria
- 8What substances would there be a net movement into the mitochondrion?-Pyruvate
-Oxygen
-Reduced NAD - 9Why is it an advantage the the mitochondria in muscles contain many cristae?-Increase surface area
-Provides ATP for muscle contractions - 10In what stage is a 6 carbon compound broken down into two 3 carbon compounds? What are the compounds?Stage= Glycolysis
6C= Glucose
3C= Pyruvate - 11What is the stage where a 5 carbon compound is combined with a 1 carbon compound? What are the compounds?Stage= light independent reaction of photosynthesis
5C compound= RuBP
1C compound= Carbon dioxide - 12What is the stage where 3 carbon compounds are combined to form a 6 carbon compound? What are the compounds?-Stage= light independent reaction of photosynthesis
-3C compound= TP (triose phosphate)
-6C compound= glucose - 13What substance combines with carbon dioxide in a chloroplast?RuBP (Ribulose biphosphate)
- 14In anaerobic respiration, what is the net yield of ATP molecules per molecule glucose?2
- 15How is NAD regenerated in anaerobic respiration in yeast cells?Pyruvate accepts hydrogen ions and turns it into ethanol
- 16When sufficient oxygen is available, pyruvate is fully broken down. What substances are formed from the pyruvate?-ATP
-Water - 17Why do muscles become fatigued when insufficient oxygen is available?-Lactate/lactic acid builds up in the muscles
-Lowers the pH - 18What is an advantage of the lactate being oxidised in the muscles?-Immediate ATP supply
- 19Why is ATP useful in many biological processes?-Releases energy in small, manageable amounts
-Immediate energy source
-Phosphorylates
-Lowers activation energy
-Can be reformed - 20Why is it important to produce ATP during respiration in addition to during photosynthesis?-Photosynthesis doesn't take place in the dark
-ATP can't be stored
-Plants use more ATP than produced in photosynthesis
-Active transport
-Synthesise DNA, chlorophyll and proteins - 21In which steps is carbon dioxide produced?-Link reaction
-Krebs cycle - 22If a pond freezes over during the winter, goldfish can remain alive in the water under the ice. Explain why they use the carbohydrate stores in their bodies much faster in these conditions.-They respire anaerobically
-Less efficient - 23What is the main difference between the production of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation and photosynthesis?In respiration it is a chemical process whereas in photosynthesis light is used
- 24Under anaerobic conditions, the oxidised form of NAD is regenerated. Explain why this is essential.-Allows glycolysis/production of ATP to continue
- 25What happens to the energy which is not transferred to ATP?It is lost as heat
- 26Explain why ATP is better than glucose as an immediate energy source for cell metabolism.-Energy is released in small amounts
-released in a single reaction - 27Describe how reduced NADP is involved in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis-Reduces GP (glycerate-3-phosphate) to TP (triose phosphate)
- 28ATP is sometimes described as an immediate source of energy. Explain why.It is a one step reaction
- 29Plants produce ATP in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis. Explain why plants cannot use this as their only source of ATP.-More ATP is needed than the amount produced in photosynthesis
-Photosynthesis doesn't occur in the dark - 30During glycolysis, NAD is reduced. Explain what happens to this reduced NAD when the cell is respiring anaerobically.-Converted back to NAD
-Pyruvate is reduced by adding Hydrogen ions
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- A Levels Biology Karteikarten am A2 Biology-Photosynthesis and Respiration, erstellt von elizabethc2114 am 27/11/2014.
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- elizabethc2114
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