Karteikarten
Chapter 3 Flashcards
Karten in diesem Stapel (20)
- 1• Federalism:A way of organizing a nation so that two or more levels of government have formal authority over the same land and people. It is a system of shared power between units of government
- 2Unitary Governments:A way of organizing a nation so that all power resides in the central government
- 3Intergovernmental Relations:The workings of the federal system – the entire set of interactions among national, state, and local governments
- 4Supremacy Clause:Article VI (4) of the Constitution, which makes the Constitution, national laws, and treaties supreme over state laws when the national government is acting within its constitutional limits
- 5• Tenth Amendment:The constitutional amendment stating, “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.”
- 6McCulloch vs. Maryland:An 1819 Supreme Court decision that established the supremacy of the national government over state governments
- 7Enumerated Powers:Powers of the federal government that are specifically addressed in the Constitution; for Congress, these powers are listed in Article I, Section 8, and include the power to coin money, regulate its value, and impose taxes
- 8Implied Powers:Powers of the federal government that go beyond those enumerated in the Constitution
- 9Elastic Clause:The final paragraph of Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution which authorizes Congress to pass all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out the enumerated powers
- 10Gibbons vs. Ogden:A landmark case decision in 1824 in which the Supreme Court interpreted very broadly the clause in Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution giving Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce, encompassing virtually every form of commercial activity
- 11Full Faith and Credit:A clause in Article IV, Section 1, of the Constitution requiring each state to recognize the official documents and civil judgments rendered by the courts of other states
- 12Extradition:A legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one state to officials of the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed
- 13Privileges and Immunities:A clause in Article IV, Section 2, of the Constitution according citizens of each state most of the privileges of citizens or other states
- 14Dual Federalism:A system of government in which both the states and the national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies
- 15Cooperative Federalism:A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between the states and the national government
- 16Fiscal Federalism:The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system; it is the cornerstone of the national government’s relations with state and local governments
- 17Categorical Grants:Federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes, or “categories” of state and local spending
- 18Project Grants:Federal categorical grants given for specific purposes and awarded on the basis of the merits of application
- 19Formula Grants:Federal categorical grants distributed according to a formula specified in legislation or in administration regulations
- 20Block Grants:Federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs in areas such as community development and social services
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- Life Government Karteikarten am Chapter 3 Flashcards, erstellt von travelbugg2012 am 22/10/2013.
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