Karteikarten
Coastal Ecosystems Flashcards
Karten in diesem Stapel (27)
- 1Mangrove Ecosystem Dynamics-estimating biomass: looking at different components as a whole
-due to carbon fluxes, mangroves provide good provisions for fisheries - 2Types of Production-gross primary production: energy as biomass from primary producers
-net primary production: rate at which plants produce net energy
-net ecosystem production: different between GPP and respiration - 3Estimating Forest Productivity
- 4Wood-Associated Carbon Flow
- 5Mangrove Development-mangroves can develop in different geomorphical settings
- 6Humans and Mangroves-options for utilization: retain and harvest, convert
-subsistence: operating outside the cash economy, use of trade other than sale
-cash economy: exploitation of species, dependent on mangrove health - 7Mangrove Forest Management-problems: insufficient stake on land, damaged trees, poor strategy, acidification, deoxygenation
-ecosystem services: storm protection, outwelling of carbon, biomass increase, carbon sequestration - 8Felling Management-3 management schemes: 20/30 year (no thinning), 30/40 year (natural regeneration), 20 year (replant)
- 9Coral Reefs-rapid-growing early colonizers, slower-growing long-lived, massive forms, interspecific competition
-home to 25% of marine species
-reef health: a balance between growth and bioerosion (coral feeders, borers) - 10Coral Bleaching-stress response causing the breakdown of symbiosis
-bleaching may have selective advantages
- 11Crown of Thorns Starfish-outbreaks cause: removal or loss of predators
-loss of species diversity: corals and fish
- 12Types of Coastal Ecosystem-coastal environments: near-shore terrestrial, intertidal, benthic, pelagic
-unique in their steep graduation of conditions
-coastal development: loss of communities and resources
-artificial reefs: remove pressures - 13Direct Coastal Ecosystem Goods and Services-food
-recreation and leisure/scenic value
-medicines and cosmetics
-fuel and energy
-education and information - 14Indirect Coastal Ecosystem Goods and Services-climate regulation
-nutrient cycling
-flood and storm protection
-bioremediation of waste
-biologically mediated habitat
-resilience and resistance
-all have values that must be considered before development - 15Anti-fouling Paints-increased input of heavy metals and biocides/organotins
-causes: shell malformation, imposex and intersex individuals, reduced infection resistance, TBT in the food chain via marine mammals - 16Algal Reefs-build by calcerous (coralline) algae
-ecosystem architecture: benthic assemblage, lower canopy, midwater and surface canopy
-threats: overgrazing, eutrophication/pollution, storms, invasive species, disease - 17Reef Community Dynamics
- 18Bait Collection-"the collection of animals to be used as sea fishing bait"
-methods: hand digging, bait pump, hand collection, dragging, dredging
-habitat impacts: sediment disturbance, increased bioavaialbility of heavy metals - 19Fjord Ecosystems-a narrow inlet formed by glacial scouring, usually U-shaped, often deeper than nearby ocean
-high stratification, steep profile, high freshwater input
-sampling: transects, quadrats, ROV, baited video - 20Fjord Profile
- 21Fjord Seasonal Variation
- 22Temperate Reefs-reef structure/morphology important to communities
-highly productive autotrophs
-"wall of mouths"
-controlled by a variety of bio-physical variables (exposure, temperature, productivity) - 23Kelp Forest Food Web
- 24Zonal Vegetation Worldwide
- 25Azonal Vegetation-defined by abiotic factors (geomorphology, hydrologic dynamics, biotic feedbacks, distrbance agent) across climactic gradients
-types: coastal vegetation (hard and soft coast) - 26Coastal Dune-intense wind, sand, salt spray, heterogeneity
-zonation (sequence of vegetation types in space)
-succession (sequence of vegetation types in time) - 27Sand Dunes
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- BSc Marine Biology (Coastal Ecosystems) Karteikarten am Coastal Ecosystems Flashcards, erstellt von Hayley Harrison am 16/04/2016.
- Erstellt von
- Hayley Harrison
- Aufrufe
- 34
- Tags
- Bewertung