Karteikarten
Electronegativity and Polarity
Karten in diesem Stapel (9)
- 1Define ' Electronegativity 'The ability of an atom to
attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond - 2How is electronegativity measured?Electronegativity is measured on the Pauling Scale. Across the period table, nuclear charge increases and the atomic radius decreases. A large Pauling value = atoms of the element are very electronegative.
- 3The bonded pair of electrons in a covalent bond are shared equally unless......1) the nuclear charges are different
... 2) the atoms may be different sizes
... 3) the shared pair of electrons may be closer to one nucleus than the other - 4Electronegativity determining ionic or covalentIf the electronegativity different is large, one bonded atom will have a much greater attraction for the shared pair than the other bonded atom. The more electronegative atom will have gained control of the electrons and the bond will now be ionic.
- 5Non-Polar Bonds- Bonded electron pair shared equally
- Bonded atoms will be the same or the bonded atom swill have the same/similar electronegativity
-Pure Covalent Bond - 6Polar Bonds- Electron pair shared unevenly
- Bond will be polar when the bonded atoms are different or have a large different in electronegativity
- Polar Covalent Bond - 7Example: H-Cl bond1) A H-Cl bond is polar as the Cl atom is more electronegative than the H atom.
2) Due to it being polar, the H has a slightly positive charge and the Cl has a slightly negative charge
3) This separation of charges is called a dipole
4) This dipole doesnt change and is therefore a permanent dipole - 8Explain whether a H2O molecule is polarThe two O-H bonds have a permanent dipole as O is more electronegative than H and therefore has a slightly negative charge. Even though the two dipoles act in opposite directions, they don't exactly oppose each other. This means the hydrogen end of the molecule is also slightly positive whilst the Oxygen end of the molecule is slightly negative.
- 9Explain whether a CO2 molecule is polarA CO2 molecule isn't polar as even though the two C=O bonds have a permanent dipole, they act in opposite directions and directly oppose each other. This means the dipoles cancel out and the overall dipole is 0. You can tell they cancel as the molecule is SYMMETRICAL.
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- My mind map which these flash cards are based on is called: '6.2 Electronegativity and Polarity' and can be found in my resources or here: https://www.goconqr.com/en-GB/p/5149926 :)
- Erstellt von
- Bee Brittain · Apr 2016
- Aktualisiert
- 9 Dez 2016
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