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Classic Evidence: Myers & Diener (1995) Methodology & Procedures with Conclusion
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- 1Myers & Diener Methodology & Procedures Literature ReviewsThis article is a review of research on topic of happiness in 80's & 90's research exploring Subjective Well-Being (SWB)
- 2Myers & Diener M & P Interviews"How satisfied are you with your life as a whole these days@?"
-Very Satisfied
-Not Very Satisfied
-Not at all very Satisfied - 3Myers & Diener M & P QuestionnairesQuantitative Numerical representation of happiness.
- 4Myers & Diener M & P ObservationOne way to discover what people are doing, asking them to report what they are doing at selected times.
Beeper reminds Pp's send them message what they are doing - sample people's behaviour. - 5Myers & Diener M & P CorrelationNot always clear what Cause & Effect between happiness.
E.g: People w/ high SWB tend to have positive appraisal of life events around them. Or it could be the other way-person tends to see everything through rose-coloured way creating SWB. - 6Myers & Diener M & P ReviewsStudy review of other research based on multiple studies.
Meta-Analyses - 7Myers & Diener Conclusion 1) The importance of Adaptation Effects of Positive events fade over timeE.g: Lottery winners only experienced short-term increases of happiness.
- 8Myers & Diener Conclusion Effects of Negative events fade over timeE.g: Psychological trauma: survived horrific experiences in concentration camps=recover hope & happiness.
Viktor Frankl - 9Myers & Diener Conclusion 1) Longitudinal StudyOnly events in last 3 months influence SWB.
- 10Myers & Diener Conclusions 2) Cultural World ViewCultural attitudes predispose people interpret life events differently.
- 11Myers & Diener C 2) Positive Cultural ViewSome cultures construe world as benevolent (goodness) & controllable place.
- 12Myers & Diener C 2) Negative Cultural ViewOther cultures emphasise negative emotions: Anxiety, Anger, Guilt.
- 13Myers & Diener C 3) Values & Goals High SWB have GOALSPeople w/ high SWB have Goals:
-Ambitions
-Things are striving to achieve - 14Myers & Diener C 3) Other Factors to SWBOther factors only matter if relevant to goals.
Poorer countries can explain why money & financial freedom/safety seem more relevant. - 15Myers & Diener C The FutureHappiness NOT predicate: Age, Gender, Affluence.
Happiness predicate: Race & Culture.
Positive people w/ high SWB have closer relationships.
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- Classic evidence Myers & Diener WJEC Psychology AS
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- Obri Gonzalez
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