Karteikarten
Digestive System
Karten in diesem Stapel (54)
- 1what are the three layers of the mucosa of the GI tract?mucous epithelium, lamina propria, musclaris mucosae
- 2what are the three parts of the small intestine?duodenum, jejunum, Ileum
- 3The mucosa of the esophagus contains which type of epithelium?stratified squamous epithelium (resists abrasion)
- 4What are the three main salivary glands in the mouth?parotid glands, submandibular glands and sublingual glands
- 5Which is the largest salivary gland?parotid glands
- 6Which salivary gland produces both serous and mucus-producing saliva?Submandibular glands
- 7Which salivary gland only secretes watery, serous type saliva?Parotid glands
- 8How long is the esophagus?25 cm
- 9Where is the esophagus located?posterior to trachea and heart
- 10What is the purpose of the upper esophageal sphincter?prevent air from entering the esophagus during respiration
- 11Where is the stomach located?lies in the upper part of the abdominal cavity under the liver and diaphragm, with five sixths of its mass to the left of the median line
- 12What are the three majors divisions of the stomach?fundus, body and pylorus
- 13What does the pyloric sphincter do?controls the opening from the pyloric portion of the stomach into the first part of the small intestine
- 14Where are gastric glands (coiled tubular-type glands) found in the stomach?found below the level of the gastric pits (in innermost layer), particularly in the fundus and body of the stomach
- 15What do gastric glands secrete?gastric juice, a mucous fluid containing digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid (HCI)
- 16What are the three main secretory cells of the gastric glands?chief cells, parietal cells, and endocrine cells
- 17What allows the stomach wall to contract strongly at many angles?The crisscrossing pattern of smooth muscle fibers - the usual layer of longitudinal muscles, circular muscles and underlying oblique layer
- 18What two hormones does the stomach produce?gastrin (helps regulate digestive functions) & ghrelin (increases appetite)
- 19What is the width and length of the small intestine?width: 2.5 cm (1 inch)
length: 6 m (20 ft) - 20How long is the duodenum?25 cm (10 inches)
- 21How long is the ileum?3.5 m (12 feet) long
- 22A villus in the small intestine consists of which three parts?arteriole, venule and lymph vessel
- 23What type cells consist the mucous epithelium layer (of the mucosa layer)?enterocytes, goblet cells and paneth cells
- 24What are enterocytes?simple columnar epithelium cells with microvilli on apical surface
- 25What tissue is the lamina propria consisted of?thin loose connective tissue (DFCT)
- 26What is the function of the muscularis mucosae?to aid propelling nutrients in a uniform direction
- 27What does the submucosa layer of the GI tract contain?small glands, blood vessels and parasympathetic nerves
- 28How are epithelial cells of the GI tract replaced?new cells arise from cell division as they migrate to the top of the villi and differentiate, replacing old cells that die
- 29How many epithelial cells are replaced everyday?17 billion cells
- 30What are enteroendocrine cells?cells at the base of the villi that secretes hormones
- 31What is a lacteal?the lymphatic vessels in the middle of small intestine villi which absorb digested fats
- 32venous drainage from the small & large intestine and pancreas pass through which structure?hepatic portal vein
- 33Which enzyme digests polysaccharides?amylase
- 34Which food components are not dissolved by the stomach's acid?polysaccharides and fat
- 35what are some components of chyme?molecular fragments of proteins, polysaccharides, droplets of fat, water and salt
- 36What are the esophagus' exocrine secretions?mucus
- 37What does the stomach secrete?pepsin, mucus and HCI
- 38What does the pancreas secrete?bicarbonate and enzymes that digest carbohydrates, fats, proteins and nucleic acids
- 39What does the liver secrete?bile salts, bicarbonate, organic waste products and trace metals
- 40What does the large intestine secrete?mucus
- 41What does bile contain?HCO3, cholesterol, phospholipids, bile pigment and ORGANIC SALTS
- 42How are monosaccharides and amino acids absorbed in the small intestine?membrane transport protein (transporter-mediated processes) in the plasma membrane of the intestial epithelial cells
- 43How are fatty acids absorbed in the small intestine?diffusion
- 44What inactivates the amylase?the gastric acid in stomach
- 45How much starch does pancreatic amylase digest?around 95 percent
- 46What are examples of polysaccharides?starch, cellulose and glycogen
- 47What are examples of disaccharides?sucrose, lactose and maltose
- 48what are examples of monosaccharides?glucose, fructose and galactose
- 49Where is triglyceride absorbed?in the small intestine
- 50What are small components in food that can cross the epithelium intact?minerals and vitamins
- 51In the GI tract, what controls the plasma concentration and distribution of the absorbed nutrients?hormones secreted by exocrine glands
- 52The serosa consists of which type of tissue?thin layer of connective tissue
- 53What do dead intestinal epithelium do to contribute with the digestive process?release their intracellular enzymes in the lumen
- 54—
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Undergraduate Anatomy Karteikarten am Digestive System, erstellt von Sophia Pi am 01/09/2016.
- Erstellt von
- Sophia Pi
- Aufrufe
- 3
- Bewertung
Mehr zu Digestive Tract Histology