Karteikarten
Beliefs in Society - FUNCTIONLISM
Karten in diesem Stapel (8)
- 1Functional definitionFocus is on the social and psychological functions that religion performs rather than a belief in God/supernatural
- 2Polythetic - define religion as creating a list of possible characteristics that make up a religionFunctionalists = positive view of religion
Marxists = negative view of religion
Feminists = negative view of religion - 3Substance definitionFocus is on the context/substance of a religion and religious belief - belief in supernatural that is above nature and cannot be explained scientifically
- 4Durkheim (1858-1917) - defines religion in terms of the contributions it makes to social integration rather than to any God or supernaturalDurkheim made three contributions to the theory of religion:
- The sacred and the profane
- Totemism
- The collective conscience - 5Durkheim claimed that all societies divide the world into two broad categories - the sacred (awe and respect) and the profane (the non-sacred/banal)Totemism - a natural object or animal that is believed by a particular society to have spiritual significance and that is adopted by it as an emblem
- 6Durkheim used secondary data gathered by anthropologists who studied Aboriginal Australians to develop his theory of TotemismCollective conscience - a collection of shared values, beliefs and knowledge that makes social life and cooperation between individuals possible - without this society would cease to exist
- 7Malinowski (1954) - states that religion promotes social solidarity by dealing with emotional stress that may threaten the stability of societyStudied a small illiterate society in Papua New Guinea to develop his theory that religion aids in situations that disrupt social life e.g. birth, death and marriage
- 8Papua New Guinea study- fishing on home territory = no ritual - fishing on open sea = ritual used for protection Rituals provide protection and comfortParsons (1965) - defines religion as part of the cultural system meaning it gives guidelines for human actions e.g. the 10 commandments
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- Beschreibung
- Revision on the introduction on the topic of beliefs in society and functionalism
- Erstellt von
- Abigail Courtness
- Aufrufe
- 35
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