Karteikarten
Counter-urbanisation
Karten in diesem Stapel (13)
- 1Define counter-urbanisationCounter-urbanisation is the movement of people away from large urban areas to smaller settlements and rural areas.
- 2Push factors: . Pollution . Congestion . Prices rising. Move from urban to escape noise and air pollution.
. Suburbs and city centres have parking problems and congestion.
. As suburbs get more popular prices rise and people feel they aren’t getting value for money and move from city. E.g.Surbiton £300,000 would by 2 bed house, but St Ives would buy 4 bed. - 3Pull factors: . Less packed . Improve QOL. Houses in smaller settlement and rural area often less densely packed that those in city and suburbs. Meaning houses often bigger and more defendable space.
. People think living somewhere quieter with more open space will improve quality of life. Especially true for retired people and families. - 4Pull factors: . CommunicationImproved communication services (e.g. high-speed internet) make it easier for people to live in rural areas and work from home. E.g. workers can remotely access their office computer at home.
- 5Pull factors: . Technological improvements . Commuting. Technological improvements also mean some companies no longer need to be in city and can move to rural areas where land cheaper. Creates jobs in rural areas.
. As in suburban areas, increased car ownership and improved rail services mean people can live further from the city and commute to work. - 6Positive impacts on rural areas: . Increased business . Improvements to homes. Some services see increase in business (e.g. pubs that have restaurants). This is because newer residents often pros or retired people who have higher disposable income.
. Some villages existing houses improved as farm buildings are renovated and upgraded. Farmers are able to make money by selling unwanted land or buildings for housing developments. - 7Positive impacts on rural areas: . SchoolingSome rural areas school have closed due to a lack of pupils. If families move to a rural area then schools can stay open, and children of existing residents can continue to go to school locally.
- 8Negative impacts on rural areas: . Effect character . Closure of shops. Development (e.g. unattractive new housing developments) can affect character of rural settlements.
. Some rural shops and services (e.g. bus services) may close- wealthier residents who own cars are more likely to use shops and services in urban areas. - 9Negative impacts on rural areas: . Infrastructure . Schools. Rural roads and infrastructure may struggle to cope with additional traffic. This can cause congestion and increase air pollution in rural areas.
. Schools may close if new residents are older people rather than families with children. - 10Negative impacts on rural areas: . House pricesThere is more demand for houses, so house prices increase. Younger people may not be able to afford to buy a house, which can mean population is dominated by older people.
- 11Managing impacts: . DevelopmentsIn some areas, developments are only allowed if they’re in keeping with rest of the area, e.g. the houses must be built using certain materials.
- 12Managing impacts: . MobileSome companies offer mobile service that visit rural areas. E.g. NatWest Bank mobile banking units that visit rural communities in Cornwall, Devon, Cumbria and South Wales weekly.
- 13Managing impacts: . Low-cost homesSome rural areas local occupancy clauses on houses. E.g. parts of Cumbria some relatively low-cost homes only bought by people who’ve lived in the area for at least 3 years meaning locals on low incomes can stay in the area.
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- Beschreibung
- A2 A2 Geography (World Cities ) Karteikarten am Counter-urbanisation , erstellt von Alice Kimpton am 30/01/2017.
- Erstellt von
- Alice Kimpton
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- 3
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