The Five Kingdoms

The Five Kingdoms

1. Prokaryotes

   • Have no nucleus
   • Loop of naked DNA (no chromosomes/ histone proteins), Non linear.
   • Have no membrane bound organelles
   • Have smaller ribosomes. (70s)
   • Carry out respiration in special membrane systems called mesesomes
   • Have smaller cells than eukaryotes
   • May be free living or parasitic, some cause diseases

2. Protoctists

   • are eukaryotes
   • mostly single-celled
   • Show a variety of forms
   • Show various plant or animal like features
   • are mostly free living
   • have autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition
   • The only thing that they all have in common is that they don't fit into any of the other kingdoms.

3. Fungi

   • are eukaryotes
   • Have a body that consists of Mycelium, which is made of long strands called Hyphae
   • Have walls made of Chitin
   • Have cytoplasm that is multinucleate
   • are mostly free living saprophytic (cause decay of organic material)

4. Plants

   • Eukaryotes
   • Multicellular
   • Cellulose cell wall
   • produce multicellular embryos from fertilised egg.
   • Have autotrophic nutrition

5. Animals

   • Eukaryotes
   • multicellular
   • Hetrotrophic
   • have fertilised eggs that develops into a ball of cells called a blastula.
   • Usually able to move around