Plants

Plants

1. Eukaryotes: nucleus & organelles; bryophytes (mosses), ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms; autotrophs (take energy from sun to make themselves food); cell wall made up of cellulose; terrestrial (all land plants); alternation of generations; ALL EMBRYOPHYTES (PROTECTED EMBYROS)

   • Angiosperms flower
   • Gymnosperms seedless (conifer)

2. Sporophyte = diploid

3. Gameophyte=haploid

4. Photosynthesis: energy from the sun to make sugars, to store and give off

5. Cytokinins increase cell division; causes plant to grow wide; keeps leaves young

6. Phototropism: plant response to light

   • Auxin moves to shady sign while expanding cell wall; where auxin is cells grow faster and plant leans opposite way

7. Gibberellins plant grows taller; grapes

8. Abscisic acid keeps seeds dormant

9. Ethylene ripens fruit; positive feed back loop makes response stronger; banana next to apple

10. gravitropism: response to gravity; root, positive; shoot, negative

11. thygmotropism: response to touch

12. photoperiod: plant flowers based on length of night; short night flower winter, long day flower summer

13. Hypersensitive Response: response to pathogen infected cells and nearby cells kill selves, signal tranduction, sends chemical to warn nearby leaves