Chemistry

Chemistry

1. Nucleus

   • Contains PROTONS and NEUTRONS
   • Positive charge
   • Makes up most of the mass

2. Particles

   • Proton
     • Relative mass, 1
     • Charge, 1
   • Neutron
     • Relative mass, 1
     • Charge, 0
   • Electron
     • Relative mass, very small
     • Charge, -1

3. Protons = Electrons, balanced charge

   • Atomic number = number of protons

4. Larger number = mass number

5. Isotopes

   • Different forms of an element with same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons

6. Compounds

   • Atoms combined with other atoms
   • Difficult to separate, has a chemical bond
     • Needs a chemical reaction to do this

7. Mixtures

   • No chemical bond

8. Seperation

   • Chromatography
     • Seperating substances in a mixture
   • Filtration
     • Separates insoluble solids from liquids
   • Separate soluble solids from solutions
     • Evaporation
     • Crystalisation
       • Evaporating dish + heat
   • Distillation
     • Separating liquid from a solution
     • Fractional distillation
       • Separate a mixture of liquids

9. Atom

10. Metals are elements that can form positive ions when they react

    • Most elements are metals

11. Elements

    • Consist of atoms with the same atomic number

12. Relative atomic mass (Ar) = sum of (isotope amount * isotope mass number) / sum of amounts of all the isotopes

13. Relative atomic mass

    • Average mass taking into account different masses and amounts