waves

waves

1. waves

   • transverse waves
     • the oscillations are at right angles to the direction of travel and energy transfer.
     • electromagnetic radiation
     • light
     • water
   • longitudinal waves
     • the oscillations are along the same direction as the direction of travel and energy transfer.
     • sound
   • frequency
     • wave speed divided by wave length
     • measured in hurtz
     • waves per second
   • vibrations that transfer energy from place to place
     • dont transfer matter particles
   • electromagnetic waves
     • travel at the same speed through a vacuum, such as through space.

2. Some waves must travel through a substance. The substance is known as the medium and it can be solid, liquid or gas.

3. electromagnetic radiation

4. Electrical and magnetic fields vibrate as the waves travel.

5. vibrations that transfer energy from place to place

   • dont have matter

6. waves dont have to travel through a meduim but can

   • Visible light
   • infrared rays,

7. vibrations that transfer energy from place to place without matter (solid, liquid or gas) being transferred.

8. Some waves must travel through a substance. The substance is known as the medium

   • Solid
   • Liquid
   • Gas
   • Sound Waves

9. Other waves do not need to travel through a substance. They may be able to travel through a medium, but they do not have to

   • Visible Light
   • Infrared
   • Microwaves
   • Electromagnetic Radiation

10. Electrical and magnetic fields vibrate as the waves travel

11. Amplitude

    • As waves travel, they set up patterns of disturbance.
    • The amplitude of a wave is its maximum disturbance from its undisturbed position

12. Wavelength

    • The wavelength of a wave is the distance between a point on one wave and the same point on the next wave
    • It is often easiest to measure this from the trough of one wave to the crest of the next wave

13. Frequency

    • The frequency of a wave is the number of waves produced by a source each second
    • The unit of frequency is the hertz (Hz)

14. Period

    • The period of a wave is the time taken for one wave to be produced
    • Measured in seconds

15. Wavefront

    • This is an imaginary surface that we draw to represent the vibrating part of a wave

16. Diffraction

    • When waves meet a gap in a barrier, they carry on through the gap
    • The extent of the spreading depends on how the width of the gap compares to the wavelength of the waves
    • Diffraction can sometimes be seen in waves in the sea when they pass into a harbour opening as shown in the diagrams

17. Wave speed equation

    • The speed of a wave is related to its frequency and wavelength,
      • • v is wave speed
        • f is frequency
        • upside down y is the wavelength
        • All waves, including sound waves and electromagnetic waves, follow this equation

18. frequency and time period

    • • f is the number of waves produced by a source per second, it is measured in hertz (Hz).
      • T is the time it takes for one complete oscillation, it is measured in seconds.
      • All waves, including sound waves and electromagnetic waves, follow this equation.

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