Kidney

Kidney

1. Filters toxins + Fluid

2. Maintain BP

   • RAAS

3. Signs and symptoms

   • Flank pain
     • Itchy skin
   • Alterations in urine
   • Anorexia
   • Nausea + vomitting
   • Confusion
   • Altered vitals
     • BP
     • Temp
     • HR
   • Diarrhoea
   • Chnages in skin colour

4. Nursing Assessments

   • Urine spec (MSU)
   • Urinalysis
     • Billi, Protien, Luec, Spec grav, blood
   • Pain assessment
   • Blood test
   • GCS
   • Vitals
   • Neurovascular
   • Pt history
     • Family hx
     • Surgical and Medical hx
     • Symptom hx
   • Physical exam
     • Palpation
   • Bladder scans

5. Management/ intervention

   • Dialysis
     • Peritoneal
       • Peritoneal Cavity
         • Solution of dialysate
           • Osmosis filters the blood in the cavity
     • Haemodyalisis
       • Blood is filtered through a machine
         • At the hospital
         • Fistula or a graft
     • Management
       • Comfortable
       • Keep warm
       • Vitals
       • SFBC
       • Education
       • PAC
         • Maintain skin integrity
       • Fistula or graft
         • ONLY accessed if accredited
         • No BP on
         • No restrictive clothing
         • Maintain skin integrity
         • What symptoms to report
   • Fluid management
     • SFBC
     • Daily Weigh
     • Fluid Restriction
   • Medication
     • Diuretics
     • Electrolytes
     • Fluids
     • Pain medication
   • Diet Education
     • Low salt + protien
     • Referral to dietician

6. Chronic Kidney disase

   • Progressive decline + functioning of kidneys
     • Build up of waste products
       • less than 15%
         • Dialysis or Transplant
   • Risk factors
     • Excess Alcohol consumption
     • Cardiac Problems
     • Diet + Lifestyle
     • Co-morbidities
     • Prev AKI
     • Genetic factors
       • ATSI, African American
     • 60yrs +