Topic 1 - Atomic structure and periodic table.

Topic 1 - Atomic structure and periodic table.

1. Developments of the structure of the atom

   • Describe Daltons model of atom
     • It is often referred to as the billiard ball model. He defined an atom to be a ball-like structure, as the concepts of atomic nucleus and electrons were unknown at the time.
   • State what Thompson discovered and describe the 'plum pudding model'
     • Thomson discovered the electron.
     • The Plum Pudding Model is a model of atomic structure, it had been discovered that atoms are composite objects, made of pieces with positive and negative charge, and that the negatively charged electrons within the atom were very small compared to the entire atom.
   • Describe Ruterford's Alpha particle experiment
     • Rutherford directed beams of alpha particles (which are the nuclei of helium atoms and hence positively charged) at thin gold foil to test this model and noted how the alpha particles scattered from the foil. Some of the alpha particles were deflected back through large angles
   • Describe Rutherford's model of the atom
     • An atom is mostly empty space, with electrons orbiting a fixed, positively charged nucleus in set, predictable paths.

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