Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids

1. Transcription

   • Unwind gene length
     • H bonds break
       • Free RNA nucleotides to leading strands complementary base pairings
         • mRNA leaves
           • DNA recoils

2. Translation

   • mRNA attaches to ribosome
     • Triplet code, 3 bases per amino acid
       • Coden on mRNA = 3 bases
         • tRNA brings amino acid, anti-codon base pairs to codon

3. Replication

   • Semi conservative
     • N15 grow organisms
       • Grow in N14 for 1
         • Take sample and centrifuge
           • Repeat
   • Unwind (helicase)
     • Free DNA nucleotides complementary base pair
       • DNA polymerase sugar phosphate (covalent phosphodiester) - condensation reaction

4. Subunit for DNA and RNA

   • DNA
     • Double helix
     • Deoxyribose sugars
     • Sugar-phosphate backbone
     • Nitrogenous bases
       • Purines
         • Adenine
         • Guanine
       • Pyrimidines
         • Thymine
         • Cytosine
     • Antiparallel strands
     • Hydrogen bonding
     • Complimentary base
       • A=T
       • C=G
   • RNA
     • Single strand
     • Ribose sugar
     • Uracil replaces thymine
     • Less stable
     • Usually found in cytoplasm

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