SEPARATING

SEPARATING

1. SIMPLE DISTILATION

   • liquid from solution
   • 1) heat the solution until part it starts to evaporate
     • 2) the vapour then cools, condensed (turns back to liquid) and is collected
       • 3) the rest of the solution is left in the flask
   • EG/ separating pure water and salt from seawater

2. FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION

   • mixture of liquids
   • EG/ crude oil
   • 5) column is cooler at the top, condenses and goes back towards flask
     • 4) the liquid with the lowest boiling point evaporates first and when the boiling point is reached, it will reach the top
       • 3) the different liquids have different boiling points, so will evaporate at different temps.
         • 2) heat
           • 1) put the mixture in flask and put a fractionating column on top

3. FILTRATION

4. CRYSTALLISATION

5. PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY