Chemistry

Chemistry

1. Bunsen Burner

   • Safety Flame
     • air hole closed
     • Orange colour
     • 300 degrees
   • Blue Flame
     • Half colsed
     • Blue
     • 500 degrees
   • Roaring flame
     • Fully open
     • 700 degrees
     • 2 blue cones

2. Seperating mixtres

   • Fractional distillation
     • Oil = thick, black, viscous liquid
     • Floats on water
     • Formed from remains of seas animals and plants buried millions of years ago
     • Large mixture of hydrocarbons
     • Different fractions are separated by different boiling points
     • gases : motor fuel, domestic fuel
     • Petrol : car fuel
     • Naphta : Petrol, whit spirit
     • Kerosene : Jet fuel
     • Gas oil : Engine oil
     • Residue : Lubricant, Waxes, Greases
   • Chromotography
     • Way of finding out whether a liquid is a pure substance or a mixture of substances
     • Draw line in pencil because it doesn't run
   • Definitions
     • Dissolve : become incorporated into a liquid to make a liquid
     • Solution : the mixture of solvent and solute
     • Solvent : liquid that dissolves a solute
     • Solute : solid that is dissolved by a solvent
     • Boiling : when a liquid turns to gas at it's boiling point
     • Evaporating : When a liquid turns to gas at any point below it's boiling point

3. Acids and Alkalis