Waves

Waves

1. Rays

   • • incident ray
     • angle of incident
     • reflected ray
     • angle of reflection
   • angle of incident= angle of reflection

2. Waves

   • frequency
     • no. of waves per second
   • wave speed(m/s)= wavelength(m) x frequency(Hz)

3. Refraction

   • the bending of a wave when it enters a different medium
   • occurs due to wave speed change
   • wave faster and bends away from normal if in less dense medium
   • wave slower and bends towards normal in more dense medium

4. Dispersion

   • • red
     • orange
     • yellow
     • green
     • blue
     • indigo
     • violet
   • red- longest wavelength
   • violet-shortest wavelength
   • red dispersed the most

5. Diffraction

   • spreading out of waves as they pass through gap
   • occurs most when gap is equal to wavelength
   • when they move, the ones with a long wavelength and low frequency diffract most

6. the eye

   • cornea
     • see through layer protecting eye, focuses light on retina
   • iris
     • coloured muscle ring, controls how much light enters eye
   • pupil
     • hole formed by iris, light enters here
   • eye lens
     • focuses light on retina
   • ciliary muscles
     • attached to lens by ligaments, change size of lens
   • retina
     • light sensitive cells, lens focus rays
   • optic nerve
     • carries impulses to brain
   • blind spot
     • optic nerve connects to retina, no sight
   • suspensory ligaments
     • attaches lens to muscle

7. Sound

   • louder sounds
     • bigger amplitude
   • quieter sounds
     • smaller amplitude
   • higher pitch
     • shorter wavelength
   • lower pitch
     • longer wavelength

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