chemistry revision topic 1

chemistry revision topic 1

1. atomic structure

   • parts charges masses
     • protons
       • +
         • 1 mass
     • neutrons
       • =
         • 1 mass
       • nucleas in the centre
     • electrons
       • -
         • N/A
       • electrons move on electron shells
         • 1st es 2 elecs
           • 2nd,3rdetc 8 elecs

2. isotopes

   • an atom with more neutrons
   • relative atomic mass calculation
     • (%of isotope 1 x mass of isotope) + (%of isotope 2 x mass of isotope 2) divided by 100

3. periodic table

   • orded by atomic mass
     • group 1 = alkaline Fus
       • g2 = alkaline earth metals
         • g7= halogens
           • g 8/0= nobel gases
             • metals
             • non metals
               • non metals
   • group 8/0 have full outer shell so they don't react

4. Ions

   • an ion is a charged particle wich hasmore or less electrons which means it will have a positive charge if has lost electrons or it will have a negative charge if it has gained an electron
     • group 1 loses 1 elec
       • group 6 gains 2 elecs
         • group 7 gains 1
   • ionic formula
     • Na+
     • Cl-
       • NaCl
         • the positive and negative are cancelled out by each other so the compound is neutral

5. atoms elements compounds

6. history of the atom

7. development of the periodic

8. ·

   • distllation
     • distillation is the process of separating the cmponents or substances from a liquid mixture by evaporating and condensation
   • filtration
     • filtration is the separation of insoluble solids from liquids. such as removing sand from water. This can be done by pouring the solution through a funnel with filter paper
       • crystallisation
         • crystallisation is the separation of soluble solids from liquids. Such as removing salt from water. This is done by evaporation the water to get salt crystals using a Bunsen burner and evaporating basin.

9. group 1 reactivity

10. group 7 reactivity

    • when chlorine water reacts with potassium chloride solution it doesn't produce anything however when it reacts with K bromide it produces yellow orange colour of bromide gas
      • this is the same for the other elements however they will produce diffirent elements in gas and the colour of it
        • and they may be able to react with other things than chlorine can or cant react with other things
          • for example bromine water cant react with K bromide like chlorine can

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