B4 - The Processes of Life

B4 - The Processes of Life

1. Plants and Animals Cells

   • Simimlarities
     • Nucleus
     • Cytoplasm
     • Cell Membrane
     • Mitochondria
   • Differences
     • Rigid Cell Wall (Plants)
     • Vacuole (Plants)
     • Chloroplast (Plants)

2. Yeast are single celled microorganisms

3. Bacteria have a simple cell structure

   • They don't have a nucleus or any Mitochondria

4. Enzymes

   • ENZYMES are proteins that SPEED UP CHEMICAL REACTIONS
   • Chemical reactions usually involve things either being split apart or joined together
     • A substrate is a molecule that is changed in a reaction
       • Every enzyme molecule has an active site
         • Enzymes only speed up one reaction. This is because the substrate has to be the correct shape to fit into the active site
           • This is called the "Lock and Key" model as the substrate fits into the enzyme like a key fits into a lock
   • Enzymes need the right temperature and pH for the to work at their optimum
     • If the the temperature and pH are too high or low for the enzyme then it will denature and the substrate will not fit into it

5. Respiration

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