Full and bare infinitives Alessandra_Vicencio

Full and bare infinitives Alessandra_Vicencio

1. INFINITIVES: basic form of the verbs

   • Forms
     • To- Infinitives
       • Cause, get, force, allow, ask, tell, encourage, persuade, convince, and help are followed by an object and the to-infinitive form of a verb. Ex. -They persuaded us to join their group.  -She convinced me to leave early. - I asked the waiter to bring a menu.
       • As subjects
         • A to-infinitive phrase may be used as the subject of a sentence.   To-infinitive phrase ( long):  sentence begins with it and the infinitive phrase comes at the end of the sentence. Ex.  -It is unusual to see an owl during the day.  -It takes time to learn a new language.
       • In predicates
         • A to-infinitive can be placed in several different positions within a sentence.
         • A to-infinitive can come after the linking verbs be, seem, and appear as a subject complement. Ex. -Michael seems to know a lot about literature.  -The city appears to have a problem with pollution.
         • A to-infinitive can come after certain verbs as the direct object. These verbs include: begin, choose, claim, decide, expect, learn, like, love, manage, offer, plan, prefer, promise, refuse, start, try, want, wish. Ex.  -They wanted to stay for a few extra days.  -We are learning to speak Italian.
         • A to-infinitive can come after the objects of certain verbs. These verbs include: ask, convince, expect, help, order, persuade, remind, teach, tell. Ex.-Parents teach kids to say please and thank you. - I expected them to be home before midnight.
         • A to-infinitive can come after certain adjectives. These adjectives include: amazed, ashamed, disappointed, excited, glad, happy, likely, pleased, ready, reluctant, sad, shocked, sorry, surprised, upset, willing. Ex.-I’m not quite ready to leave the house yet. - He will be disappointed not to see you.
   • Causative Verbs
     • Describes someone (or something), enabling, causing, or allowing a person (or thing) to do something
   • Bare infinitive
     • -Let, make, have, and help  are followed by an object and the bare infinitive form of a verb. Ex. -My parents did not let me go to the rock concert.  -That food made my stomach feel sick.  -The teacher had me do the sum on the board.
     • Modal verbs
       • Can, could, have to, must, might, should, ought to Ex. -We mustn’t be late for class.-We had to write an essay this morning.
       • They always take the
   • Full infinitive
     • Used after adjective
       • Ex. -I'm happy to see my friends. -We were surprised to get first place.
     • As delayed objects
       • Ex. -It is healthy to swim -It is dangerous to smoke

2. Verbs followed by infinitives

   • -Afford, choose, hurry, pay, seem, agree, consent, intend, plan, want,  appear, decide, invite, prepare, warn, arrange, demand, learn, pretend, wish, ask, deserve, manage, promise, would like, attempt, expect, mean, refuse, claim, can't afford, fail, need, remind, hesitate, can't wait, hope, offer, request, swear