Insulin type

Insulin type

1. Mechanism of action

   • Insulin lower blood glucose by stimulating peripheral glucose uptake, especially by skeletal muscle and fat
   • Insulin enhances protein synthesis; targets include skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue

2. Rapid-acting

   • Insulin lispro
     • Administer within 15 minutes before or immediately after a meal
   • Insulin aspart
     • Administer immediately (within 5-10 minutes) before a meal
   • Insulin glulisine
     • Administer within 15 minutes before or within 20 minutes after starting a meal

3. Short-acting

   • Human insulin
     • Administer within 30 to 60 minutes before a meal

4. Long-acting

   • Insulin isophane
     • Administer within 15 minutes before a meal or immediately after a meal

5. Intermediate-acting

   • Insulin detemir
     • Administer once or twice daily
   • Insulin glargine
     • Administer once daily at the same time each day

6. Combination-acting

   • Insulin isophane and insulin regulr
     • Administer within 15 min before a meal or immediately after a meal

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