Hardware

Hardware

1. Memory

   • ROM
     • Read-Only Memory
     • Computers don't need as much ROM
     • Just contains the basic instructions to get the computer started at boot up
     • Instructions are there all the time
       • Even when the computer is switched off
   • RAM
     • Random Access Memory
     • Stores data
     • Computers need a lot of RAM
     • Sorted in groups of 1s and 0s
     • Each 1 or 0 is called a bit
     • Bit= Binary Digit
     • Usually divided into 8 bits
     • 8 bits generally make one byte

2. Centeral Processing Unit (CPU)

   • Known as Processor or the Microprocessor
     • Because so small
   • Set of electrionic circuits
     • Controls the computer by running the programs
       • Programs are stored by RAM
   • Made from billions of transistors
     • More there are, the faster the processor is.
   • Control unit runs the programs and directs operations

3. Circuit Boards

   • Motherboards
     • All electric components in the computer are attached to the motherboard
     • Connections are printed onto the board
       • Components are plugged into or smoldered onto the board
   • Sound Card
     • Some computers have a special set of circuits that produce sound signals
       • Sounds go to loud speakers
     • Are generally integrated onto the motherboard
   • Video Card
     • Set of circuits that produce electrical signals
       • Electrical signals make the image on the screen
     • Often integrated onto the mothermoard
     • Some computers have seperate high-quality video cards
       • Useful for playing games and watching films