Chapter 2 : Culture and Identity

Chapter 2 : Culture and Identity

1. Defining Culture

   • Marxism
     • Culture shaped by capitalism
     • Culture as ideology
   • Mass Culture
     • Popular Culture
     • Manufactured by Media
   • High Culture
     • Aesthetically Superior
     • Elitist
   • Functionalism
     • Culture is product of value consensus
     • Core Culture promotes social order

2. Socialisation

   • Functionalism
     • Family as personality factory
     • Socialisation into value consensus
   • Primary Socialisation
     • Family and Parenting
     • Social Control
   • Secondary Socialisation
     • Education
     • Media
     • Religion
     • Peer Group
   • Marxism
     • Socialisation into ruling class values
     • False Needs

3. Social Class and Identity

   • Upper-class identity
     • Social closure
     • conservative value system
   • Middle-class Identity
     • Fragmentation
     • Suburban and meritocratic
   • Working-class Identity
     • Traditional - work as source of identity
     • New individualistic working class
     • Underclass
   • Decline of class identity
     • Hybrid Identity
     • Persistence of class inequality

4. Gender and sexuality

   • Hegemonic masculinity and feminity
     • Gender-role socialisation
     • Traditional gender role
   • Changing femininities and masculinities
     • Genderquake
     • Feminisation of the workplace
   • Homosexuality
     • Discrimination
     • Gay Culture

5. Age And disability

   • Social construction of age
     • childhood
     • Adolescence and youth subcultures
     • old age and ageism
   • Disability
     • Medical Model Vs Social model

6. Ethnicity and nationality

   • asian identity
     • Family socialisation
     • Religious Influences
   • African-Caribbean idenity
     • Peer-group pressure
     • Mixed-race identity
   • National identity
     • Britishness
     • Celtic Idenity
     • Multiculturalism
     • Gloablisation