Lecture 1- Introduction to Cell Biology

Characteristics of living things
1. Movement
  1. Living things can control ans direct where and when they move
  2. Plant cells can orientate to light
  3. Bacteria and sperm cells 'swim' using falgellum
  4. Skin cells crawl to heal a wound
2. Sensitivity- ability to respond to changes in the enviroment around them
3. Reproduction
  1. Cell can divide to form two indentical daughter cells
  2. Genetic information in the nucleus is duplicated
  3. Mitosis allows cells of tissues to divide for growth and repair
4. Growth- increase in size, maturity and complexity
5. Nutrition and excretion
  1. Nutrient provide the raw materials for energy to fuel life processes, growth and repair
  2. The chemical processes essential for life produce toxic/unwanted waste which must be excreted
6. Cellular Respiration- production of chemical energy from nutrients
Level of organisation
1. 1) Chemical components, 2) Cell components 3) Cells 4) Tissues 5) Organ systems 6) Organisms 7) Populations
Animal Cell Structure
1. The control centre is the nucleus
2. The cytoplasm is a gel like mix of biochemicals in which biochemical reactions occur
3. Around the cell is the cell membrane which controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell
Plant Cell
1. Rigid cells Wall composed of fibres of cellulose and lies outside the plasma membrane
2. Large vacuole that helps to maintain turgor and stores and moves substances

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