government

government

1. Federalism

   • organizing a nation so that two/more levels of gov't have formal authority
   • Federal system decentralizes our politics in more fundamental ways
   • Advantage defends separation of power between state and nation gov't
   • disadvantage prevents the creation of a national policy leads to a lack of accountability

2. Constitutional basis

   • Division of power guaranteed states equal representation in the Senate, Supremacy clause makes the constitution, national laws, ans treaties supreme over state laws, Tenth amendment is the power not delegated to the U.S. by the constitution
   • National supremacy implied powers & McCulloch an court decision that establishes the supremacy of national gov't over state gov't Commerce power & gibbons a land mark case decided in 1824 in the supreme court the constitution giving congress the power to regulate interstate commerce

3. intergovermental relations

   • Dual a system of gov't in with both states and the national gov't remain supreme Cooperative a system oof goverment in which power and policy assigment arw sher between state, fiiscal federalism the pattern of spending taxing and providing grants in the federal system
   • Grants in aid
     • Categorical federal grants that can be used only for specific purpose of state and local spending
     • block federal grants given more or less automatically to state or communities
     • formula federal categorical grants distributed according in to a formula specified in legislation
     • Project Federal categorical grants given for specific purposes
   • Mandate requirements that dircet states or local gov't to comply eith federal ruled under threat of pena,ties or as a condition of receipt of a federal grant