Zusammenfassung der Ressource
A2 PE History-Popular recreation in
pre-industrial Britain - (1700-1800)
- mainly
associated with
lower class
- classes sometimes shared activities e.g cock fighting
- sometimes different
activities for different
classes e.g mob football
for lower and real tennis
for upper.
- sometimes had different roles
wothing same activity e.g
Athletics-Pedestrianism- lower
class runner + upper class
sponsor
- CHARACTERISTICS of popular recreation &
CULTURAL FACTORS influencing development
- WAGERING- Chance to
go from rags to riches/
for gentry to show off
- NATURAL/SIMPLE- Lack of-
technology, purpose-built facilities &
money
- LOCAL-Limited
transport &
communications
- SIMPLE, UNWRITTEN
RULES- illiteracy, no
NGBs, only played locally
- CRUEL/VIOLENT-
Reflecting harshness of
18thC rural life
- OCCASIONAL-
Free time for
recreation on holdy
days e.g shrove
tuesday
- COURTLY/POPULAR-
Pre-industrial Britain
was predominantly
two-class society, based
on feudal system.
- RURAL- Before
industrial revolution,
Britain agricultural
- Occupational- Work
often became basis of
sport
- EFFECTS ON SKILL & HEALTH
- Bathing & Swimming
- Upper- increase
skill & health
- Lower- key function
for hygiene reasons
- Athletics
- Upper-
Pedestrianism-
required skill & would
need & increase
physical fitness
- Lower-
Pedestrianism same
as upper, rural sports
mainly recreational
- Football
- Upper- not involved
- Lower- more force than skill,
could be harmful
- Cricket
- Upper- Outside & active in
summer- skillful & can
improve health
- Lower- Same as upper
- Real tennis
- Upper- Skilful,
health-enhancing
game for the elite
- Lower- Not
available- played
recreational hand
& ball games
- PARTICIPATION OPPORTUNITIES
- Gender
- -Upper class
women-eiltist-Hawking,
-Lower class women-less
sophisticated-smock
races
- Victorian era- new
attitudes- physical
activity
unsuitable,undignified &
dangerous
- Women constrained
by social attitudes +
lack of opportunity &
provision
- Class
- Pre-industrial Bitain
predominantly two-class
society. Upper class
dominated.
- Middle class emerged
form traders & merchants
- Upper class had money for facilities,
equipment & transport, time to become skilful,
societal status- increased self-esteem
- Differences in activities by class
- UPPER CLASS- sophisticated
& expensive, Rule-based,
etiquette, linked with
patronage/act as agents,
distant activities-able to travel
- LOWER CLASS-
simple,accessible &
inexpensive, simple with
unwritten rules + often
violent/uncivilised, linked with
occupation, local- lack of
travel.
- ROLE & ATTITUDE OF THE CHURCH
- Reformation of the
church- Puritanism
- Puritans opposed the
excess,unruliness,spontaneity,swearing & drinking
associated with contemporary recreation.
- believed idleness and playfullness
were sinful
- Puritan ethic gave way to
work ethic & spread
Protestantism,
- 18th-Century peasant life
- life was tough for
lower class,sports &
pasttimes reflected
this harshness
- Pub was central to
village lfe & focus
for community
activities.
- Pubs hosted dog fighting, bare fist
fights as well as less barbaric
games- billiards, quoits, bowls,
skittles
- Landlords provided prizes for sporting
matches & equipment for ball games to
stimulate interest & boost profit
- sports clubs used pubs as a base, 'Bat & Ball Inn'.
- IMPACT on & LINKS to sport today
- Direct-
illegally-staged
bare-fist fights,
blood
sports-dog
fighting
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