Life Processes and Cells

Life Processes and Cells

1. Life Processes

   • MRS GREN
     • Movement
       • The ability to move parts of the body
     • Respiration
       • Release of energy from food
     • Sensitivity
       • The ability to respond to changes in the surroundings
     • Growth
       • To grow to adult size
     • Excretion
       • To release waste products
     • Nutrition
       • To obtain food (plants- photosynthesis)
     • Reproduction
       • To produce offspring (flowers germinate)

2. Specialized Cells

   • Plant Cells
     • Root Hair cell
       • Function
         • To absorb water and minerals from the soil
       • Adaptation
         • Has long and thin hair
     • Paliside cells
       • Function
         • To absorb light for photosynthesis
       • Adaptaion
         • They have a lot of chloroplasts
   • Animal Cells
     • Ciliated Epithelial Cell
       • Function
         • Keeps the trachea (windpipe) clear of thengs like dust
       • Adaptation
         • Has tiny cilia, hair which brush away dirt
     • Nerve Cells (Neurons)
       • Function
         • They conduct messages around the body
       • Adaptation
         • Are shaped like wires
           • The information goes past quicker
     • Red Blood Cell
       • Function
         • Carries oxygen around the body
       • Adaptation
         • They have no nucleus
         • They have a large surface area
           • More area to absorb and to release oxygen
     • White Blood Cell
       • Function
         • To protect the body and engulf and destroy bacteria and other harmful microbes
       • Adaption
         • Their cytoplasm can flow so they move around mor easily

3. Plant and animal cells

   • Animal cells
     • The Nucleus
       • Controls all activities in the cell
     • The Cell membrane
       • Controls what leaves and enters the cell
       • Keeps the cell together
     • The Cytoplasm
       • Jelly like
       • Chemical reactions happen here
   • Plant cells
     • The Nucleus
       • Controls all activities in the cell
     • The Cytoplasm
       • Chemical reactions happen here
     • The Cell Membrane
       • Controls what leaves and enters the cell
       • Keeps the cell together
     • The Vacuole
       • A large place containing cell sap
     • Chloroplasts
       • The structures where photosynthesis happens
       • They contain chlorophyll
     • The Cell Wall
       • Made of cellulose
       • Gives a plant cell strength and support

4. Tissues and organs

   • Organs
     • Organs are made up of different tissues working together
     • Examples
       • Liver
       • Kidneys
       • Stomach
       • Intestines
       • Brain
       • Heart
         • The Heart is made up of
           • Muscle tissue
           • Nervous tissue
           • Cartilage
           • Fat Tissue
           • Blood
       • Skin
         • The skin is the largest organ!
     • A group of organs working together is called an organ system
       • cardovascular
       • The digestive system
       • The nervous system
       • The muscle system
   • Tissues
     • Tissues are a group of similar cells that are working together