Limestone and Building Materials - C1

Limestone and Building Materials - C1

1. Rocks provide essential building materials

2. LIMESTONE

   • Naturally occurring resource
     • provides starting point for the manufacture of GLASS, CEMENT and CONCRETE
       • CEMENT
         • = LIMESTONE HEATED WITH CLAY
       • MORTAR
         • = CEMENT MIXED WITH SAND
       • CONCRETE
         • = MORTAR MIXED WITH SAND AND AGGREGATE
   • can be thermally decomposed to make new products
   • composed of the compound CALCIUM CARBONATE
     • CaCO3
     • is quarried and used as a building material
     • carbonates
       • magnesium, copper, zinc and calcium
         • ALL thermally decompose

3. CALCIUM OXIDE

   • reacts with water to produce
     • CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
       • an alkali
         • used to neutralise acid
       • A SOLUTION OF CALIUM HYDROXIDE IN WATER = LIMEWATER
         • reacts with CARBON DIOXIDE to produce CALCIUM CARBONATE
           • Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g) ---> CaCo3(s) + H2O(I)
         • LIMEWATER is used to test for CARBON DIOXIDE
           • CARBON DIOXIDE turns limewater cloudy
     • CaO(s) + H2O(I) ---> Ca(OH)2(s)

4. CALCIUM CARBONATE AND ACID

   • carbonates react with acids to produce salt, carbon dioxide and water
   • limestone is damaged by ACID RAIN

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