Cellular Transport

Seite 1

Cellular Transport:

Other

Homeostasis. Your body's ability to stabilize its interior while the exterior changes (for example temperature control)

Concentration gradient. Molecules move from where there is more to where there is less until both sides are equal.

Passive Transport

Diffusion. Molecules move with the concentration gradient to where there is less molecules.

Facilitated diffusion. Molecules like glucose need a protein channel to get through the cell membrane.

Osmosis. Water molecules move to where there is more solute.

Active Transport

Sodium and potassium pump. Three sodium ions go out of the cell and two potassium go into the cell, driven by ATP molecule.

Endocytosis. Food and drink is surrounded by a pocket made of the cell membrane called a vesicle and brought into the cell without exposing cytoplasm.

Exocytosis. Trash in the cell is surrounded by a vesicle from endocytosis and brought out through the cell membrane.

Seite 2

Biochemistry

Carbohydrates. Sugars, starches, and fibers from fruits, veggies, grains, and dairy products. They are our main source of energy to our body.

Lipids

Fats (triglyceride). There are saturated and unsaturated fats. We need both to stay healthy. Saturated are from butter, meat, cheese, etc. Unsaturated are from avocados, nuts, oil, etc.

Waxes. They are used to protect things in nature. Earwax protects our ears. Plant wax stops water from evaporating off their leaves.

Steroids. Found in animal hormones and used to imitate testosterone to help athletes get bigger.

Proteins

Enzymes. They start up chemical reactions in the cell and speed things up. Enzymes need certain pH levels and temperature to work properly.

Building. Ribosomes in the cell make proteins. They get their instructions from the DNA in the nucleus. mRNA make a copy of the instructions and the tRNA build it in the ribosome.